allow non-admin users to send PTZ commands for cameras they have access to (#23578 )

resolve the leaked Query default so media Cache-Control max-age is always a valid int (#23553 )
Offload preview encoding and Plus upload off the API event loop (#23552 )
2026-07-20 18:59:01 +03:00 · 2026-06-27 15:55:39 -06:00 · 2026-06-24 07:57:46 -05:00 · 2026-06-24 07:17:23 -05:00 · 2026-06-16 08:07:12 -06:00 · 2026-06-09 09:07:42 -06:00
34 changed files with 1121 additions and 219 deletions
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 default_target: local

 COMMIT_HASH := $(shell git log -1 --pretty=format:"%h"|tail -1)
-VERSION = 0.17.1
+VERSION = 0.17.2
 IMAGE_REPO ?= ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate
 GITHUB_REF_NAME ?= $(shell git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
 BOARDS= #Initialized empty
@@ -17,36 +17,15 @@ from frigate.const import (
 )
 from frigate.ffmpeg_presets import parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_encode
 from frigate.util.config import find_config_file
+from frigate.util.services import (
+    is_go2rtc_arbitrary_exec_allowed,
+    is_restricted_go2rtc_source,
+)

 sys.path.remove("/opt/frigate")

 yaml = YAML()

-# Check if arbitrary exec sources are allowed (defaults to False for security)
-allow_arbitrary_exec = None
-if "GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC" in os.environ:
-    allow_arbitrary_exec = os.environ.get("GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC")
-elif (
-    os.path.isdir("/run/secrets")
-    and os.access("/run/secrets", os.R_OK)
-    and "GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC" in os.listdir("/run/secrets")
-):
-    allow_arbitrary_exec = (
-        Path(os.path.join("/run/secrets", "GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC"))
-        .read_text()
-        .strip()
-    )
-# check for the add-on options file
-elif os.path.isfile("/data/options.json"):
-    with open("/data/options.json") as f:
-        raw_options = f.read()
-    options = json.loads(raw_options)
-    allow_arbitrary_exec = options.get("go2rtc_allow_arbitrary_exec")
-
-ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC = allow_arbitrary_exec is not None and str(
-    allow_arbitrary_exec
-).lower() in ("true", "1", "yes")
-
 FRIGATE_ENV_VARS = {k: v for k, v in os.environ.items() if k.startswith("FRIGATE_")}
 # read docker secret files as env vars too
 if os.path.isdir("/run/secrets"):
@@ -135,18 +114,13 @@ if LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_MAJOR < 59:
        go2rtc_config["ffmpeg"]["rtsp"] = rtsp_args


-def is_restricted_source(stream_source: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if a stream source is restricted (echo, expr, or exec)."""
-    return stream_source.strip().startswith(("echo:", "expr:", "exec:"))
-
-
 for name in list(go2rtc_config.get("streams", {})):
    stream = go2rtc_config["streams"][name]

    if isinstance(stream, str):
        try:
            formatted_stream = stream.format(**FRIGATE_ENV_VARS)
-            if not ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC and is_restricted_source(formatted_stream):
+            if is_restricted_go2rtc_source(formatted_stream):
                print(
                    f"[ERROR] Stream '{name}' uses a restricted source (echo/expr/exec) which is disabled by default for security. "
                    f"Set GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC=true to enable arbitrary exec sources."
@@ -165,7 +139,7 @@ for name in list(go2rtc_config.get("streams", {})):
        for i, stream_item in enumerate(stream):
            try:
                formatted_stream = stream_item.format(**FRIGATE_ENV_VARS)
-                if not ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC and is_restricted_source(formatted_stream):
+                if is_restricted_go2rtc_source(formatted_stream):
                    print(
                        f"[ERROR] Stream '{name}' item {i + 1} uses a restricted source (echo/expr/exec) which is disabled by default for security. "
                        f"Set GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC=true to enable arbitrary exec sources."
@@ -188,6 +162,20 @@ for name in list(go2rtc_config.get("streams", {})):
            )
            del go2rtc_config["streams"][name]

+    elif isinstance(stream, dict):
+        # The map form ({"url": ...}) lets go2rtc resolve the source
+        # recursively, so it is effectively a dynamic way to generate the URL
+        # for a stream. That can only be backed by an exec source, so it cannot
+        # be allowed unless arbitrary exec is explicitly enabled. When it is
+        # enabled, leave the map untouched for go2rtc to resolve.
+        if not is_go2rtc_arbitrary_exec_allowed():
+            print(
+                f"[ERROR] Stream '{name}' uses a dynamic source format which is disabled by default for security. "
+                f"Set GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC=true to enable arbitrary exec sources."
+            )
+            del go2rtc_config["streams"][name]
+            continue
+
 # add birdseye restream stream if enabled
 if config.get("birdseye", {}).get("restream", False):
    birdseye: dict[str, Any] = config.get("birdseye")
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@ http {
            include proxy.conf;

            proxy_cache api_cache;
+            proxy_cache_key "$scheme$proxy_host$request_uri|$role|$groups|$user";
            proxy_cache_lock on;
            proxy_cache_use_stale updating;
            proxy_cache_valid 200 5s;
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Face recognition identifies known individuals by matching detected faces with pr

 ### Face Detection

-When running a Frigate+ model (or any custom model that natively detects faces) should ensure that `face` is added to the [list of objects to track](../plus/#available-label-types) either globally or for a specific camera. This will allow face detection to run at the same time as object detection and be more efficient.
+When running a Frigate+ model (or any custom model that natively detects faces) should ensure that `face` is added to the [list of objects to track](../plus/index.md#available-label-types) either globally or for a specific camera. This will allow face detection to run at the same time as object detection and be more efficient.

 When running a default COCO model or another model that does not include `face` as a detectable label, face detection will run via CV2 using a lightweight DNN model that runs on the CPU. In this case, you should _not_ define `face` in your list of objects to track.

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ mqtt:

 ```yaml
 onvif:
-  host: "{FRIGATE_ONVIF_HOST}"
+  host: "192.168.1.12"
  port: 8000
  user: "{FRIGATE_RTSP_USER}"
  password: "{FRIGATE_RTSP_PASSWORD}"
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ id: masks
 title: Masks
 ---

+Frigate has two kinds of masks: motion masks and object filter masks. Both are narrow tools for fine-tuning, **not for hiding an area from Frigate**. Masks should be used sparingly; in most cases where users reach for one, a [zone](zones.md) with `required_zones` is the right tool instead. See [Which tool do I need?](#which-tool-do-i-need) and [Common mistakes](#common-mistakes) below if you're new to Frigate's mask behavior.
+
 ## Motion masks

 Motion masks are used to prevent unwanted types of motion from triggering detection. Try watching the Debug feed (Settings --> Debug) with `Motion Boxes` enabled to see what may be regularly detected as motion. For example, you want to mask out your timestamp, the sky, rooftops, etc. Keep in mind that this mask only prevents motion from being detected and does not prevent objects from being detected if object detection was started due to motion in unmasked areas. Motion is also used during object tracking to refine the object detection area in the next frame. _Over-masking will make it more difficult for objects to be tracked._
@@ -17,6 +19,15 @@ Object filter masks can be used to filter out stubborn false positives in fixed

 ![object mask](/img/bottom-center-mask.jpg)

+## Which tool do I need?
+
+| What you're trying to do                                                                                                       | Recommended tool                                                                                            | How it works                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Don't get alerts or recordings for activity in an area (e.g., the sidewalk in front of your house)                             | A [zone](zones.md) combined with `review.alerts.required_zones` (and/or `review.detections.required_zones`) | Frigate keeps detecting and tracking activity in the area, but a review item is only created once the bottom-center of an object's bounding box enters a required zone.                     |
+| Stop a stubborn false positive at a specific fixed spot (e.g., a tree base that keeps being detected as a person)              | An **object filter mask** for that object type                                                              | Any detection of that object type whose bounding-box bottom-center lands inside the mask is treated as a false positive and discarded.                                                      |
+| Ignore motion in an area that obviously isn't an object of interest (e.g., the camera timestamp, sky, flags, treetops swaying) | A **motion mask**                                                                                           | Motion inside the mask is ignored when deciding whether to run object detection. Objects can still be detected in a motion masked area if motion elsewhere in the frame triggers detection. |
+| Stop tracking an object type altogether on this camera (e.g., you never care about cats)                                       | Remove the object from the camera's [`objects.track`](objects.md) list                                      | Frigate skips this object type entirely on this camera, regardless of where it appears.                                                                                                     |
+
 ## Using the mask creator

 To create a poly mask:
@@ -82,3 +93,14 @@ This is what `required_zones` are for. You should define a zone (remember this i
 > Maybe my specific situation just warrants this. I've just been having a hard time understanding the relevance of this information - it seems to be that it's exactly what would be expected when "masking out" an area of ANY image.

 That may be the case for you. Frigate will definitely work harder tracking people on the sidewalk to make sure it doesn't miss anyone who steps foot on your stoop. The trade off with the way you have it now is slower recognition of objects and potential misses. That may be acceptable based on your needs. Also, if your resolution is low enough on the detect stream, your regions may already be so big that they grab the entire object anyway.
+
+## Common mistakes
+
+**"I added a motion mask to ignore my driveway/sidewalk."**
+A motion mask doesn't hide an area from Frigate. Objects can still be detected and tracked inside a masked area. The mask only stops motion _in that area_ from triggering object detection. If you want activity on the sidewalk to never produce a review item, define a [zone](zones.md) over the area you DO care about (your stoop, your driveway) and add it to `review.alerts.required_zones`. Frigate will still see people on the sidewalk, but it won't create an alert until they cross into the zone.
+
+**"I added an object filter mask because I don't care about cars in my yard."**
+Object filter masks are for stubborn false positives at fixed locations, not for filtering whole areas or whole object types. If you only want alerts when a car enters the driveway, use a [zone](zones.md) with `required_zones`. If you don't care about a whole object type on this camera, remove it from [`objects.track`](objects.md).
+
+**"I masked everything except a thin strip on my stoop."**
+Heavy masking hurts tracking. Frigate uses motion near a tracked object's previous bounding box to decide where to look in the next frame; with most of the frame masked, an object walking from an unmasked area into a masked one effectively disappears and gets picked up as a "new" object when it reappears. For example: someone walks down your sidewalk, stops under a tree (masked area) to tie their shoe, then continues. Frigate sees that as two separate people and can create two separate review items. Because Frigate needs several consecutive frames above the confidence threshold to commit to a detection, each re-appearance can also delay or miss alerts. Use `required_zones` for "only alert me about this spot" and leave the surrounding area unmasked so tracking stays intact.
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ detectors:
 | [YOLO-NAS](#yolo-nas)                 | ✅  | ✅  |                                                              |
 | [MobileNet v2](#ssdlite-mobilenet-v2) | ✅  | ✅  | Fast and lightweight model, less accurate than larger models |
 | [YOLOX](#yolox)                       | ✅  | ?   |                                                              |
-| [D-FINE](#d-fine)                     | ❌  | ❌  |                                                              |
+| [D-FINE / DEIMv2](#d-fine--deimv2)    | ❌  | ❌  |                                                              |

 #### SSDLite MobileNet v2

@@ -464,13 +464,13 @@ model:

 </details>

-#### D-FINE
+#### D-FINE / DEIMv2

-[D-FINE](https://github.com/Peterande/D-FINE) is a DETR based model. The ONNX exported models are supported, but not included by default. See [the models section](#downloading-d-fine-model) for more information on downloading the D-FINE model for use in Frigate.
+[D-FINE](https://github.com/Peterande/D-FINE) and [DEIMv2](https://github.com/Intellindust-AI-Lab/DEIMv2) are DETR based models that share the same ONNX input/output format. The ONNX exported models are supported, but not included by default. See the models section for downloading [D-FINE](#downloading-d-fine-model) or [DEIMv2](#downloading-deimv2-model) for use in Frigate.

 :::warning

-Currently D-FINE models only run on OpenVINO in CPU mode, GPUs currently fail to compile the model
+Currently D-FINE / DEIMv2 models only run on OpenVINO in CPU mode, GPUs currently fail to compile the model

 :::

@@ -499,6 +499,31 @@ Note that the labelmap uses a subset of the complete COCO label set that has onl

 </details>

+<details>
+  <summary>DEIMv2 Setup & Config</summary>
+
+After placing the downloaded onnx model in your `config/model_cache` folder, you can use the following configuration:
+
+```yaml
+detectors:
+  ov:
+    type: openvino
+    device: CPU
+
+model:
+  model_type: dfine
+  width: 640
+  height: 640
+  input_tensor: nchw
+  input_dtype: float
+  path: /config/model_cache/deimv2_hgnetv2_n.onnx
+  labelmap_path: /labelmap/coco-80.txt
+```
+
+Note that the labelmap uses a subset of the complete COCO label set that has only 80 objects.
+
+</details>
+
 ## Apple Silicon detector

 The NPU in Apple Silicon can't be accessed from within a container, so the [Apple Silicon detector client](https://github.com/frigate-nvr/apple-silicon-detector) must first be setup. It is recommended to use the Frigate docker image with `-standard-arm64` suffix, for example `ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:stable-standard-arm64`.
@@ -648,7 +673,7 @@ The AMD GPU kernel is known problematic especially when converting models to mxr

 See [ONNX supported models](#supported-models) for supported models, there are some caveats:

- D-FINE models are not supported
+- D-FINE / DEIMv2 models are not supported
 - YOLO-NAS models are known to not run well on integrated GPUs

 ## ONNX
@@ -693,7 +718,7 @@ detectors:
 | [RF-DETR](#rf-detr)           | ✅         | ❌      | Supports CUDA Graphs for optimal Nvidia performance |
 | [YOLO-NAS](#yolo-nas-1)       | ⚠️         | ⚠️      | Not supported by CUDA Graphs                        |
 | [YOLOX](#yolox-1)             | ✅         | ✅      | Supports CUDA Graphs for optimal Nvidia performance |
-| [D-FINE](#d-fine)             | ⚠️         | ❌      | Not supported by CUDA Graphs                        |
+| [D-FINE / DEIMv2](#d-fine--deimv2-1) | ⚠️         | ❌      | Not supported by CUDA Graphs                        |

 There is no default model provided, the following formats are supported:

@@ -822,9 +847,9 @@ model:

 </details>

-#### D-FINE
+#### D-FINE / DEIMv2

-[D-FINE](https://github.com/Peterande/D-FINE) is a DETR based model. The ONNX exported models are supported, but not included by default. See [the models section](#downloading-d-fine-model) for more information on downloading the D-FINE model for use in Frigate.
+[D-FINE](https://github.com/Peterande/D-FINE) and [DEIMv2](https://github.com/Intellindust-AI-Lab/DEIMv2) are DETR based models that share the same ONNX input/output format. The ONNX exported models are supported, but not included by default. See the models section for downloading [D-FINE](#downloading-d-fine-model) or [DEIMv2](#downloading-deimv2-model) for use in Frigate.

 <details>
  <summary>D-FINE Setup & Config</summary>
@@ -848,6 +873,28 @@ model:

 </details>

+<details>
+  <summary>DEIMv2 Setup & Config</summary>
+
+After placing the downloaded onnx model in your `config/model_cache` folder, you can use the following configuration:
+
+```yaml
+detectors:
+  onnx:
+    type: onnx
+
+model:
+  model_type: dfine
+  width: 640
+  height: 640
+  input_tensor: nchw
+  input_dtype: float
+  path: /config/model_cache/deimv2_hgnetv2_n.onnx
+  labelmap_path: /labelmap/coco-80.txt
+```
+
+</details>
+
 Note that the labelmap uses a subset of the complete COCO label set that has only 80 objects.

 ## CPU Detector (not recommended)
@@ -947,7 +994,7 @@ MemryX `.dfp` models are automatically downloaded at runtime, if enabled, to the

 #### YOLO-NAS

-The [YOLO-NAS](https://github.com/Deci-AI/super-gradients/blob/master/YOLONAS.md) model included in this detector is downloaded from the [Models Section](#downloading-yolo-nas-model) and compiled to DFP with [mx_nc](https://developer.memryx.com/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage).
+The [YOLO-NAS](https://github.com/Deci-AI/super-gradients/blob/master/YOLONAS.md) model included in this detector is downloaded from the [Models Section](#downloading-yolo-nas-model) and compiled to DFP with [mx_nc](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage).

 **Note:** The default model for the MemryX detector is YOLO-NAS 320x320.

@@ -981,7 +1028,7 @@ model:

 #### YOLOv9

-The YOLOv9s model included in this detector is downloaded from [the original GitHub](https://github.com/WongKinYiu/yolov9) like in the [Models Section](#yolov9-1) and compiled to DFP with [mx_nc](https://developer.memryx.com/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage).
+The YOLOv9s model included in this detector is downloaded from [the original GitHub](https://github.com/WongKinYiu/yolov9) like in the [Models Section](#yolov9-1) and compiled to DFP with [mx_nc](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage).

 ##### Configuration

@@ -1063,19 +1110,39 @@ model:

 #### Using a Custom Model

-To use your own model:
+To use your own custom model, first compile it into a [.dfp](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/specs/files.html#dataflow-program) file, which is the format used by MemryX.

-1.  Package your compiled model into a `.zip` file.
+#### Compile the Model

-2.  The `.zip` must contain the compiled `.dfp` file.
+Custom models must be compiled using **MemryX SDK 2.1**.

-3.  Depending on the model, the compiler may also generate a cropped post-processing network. If present, it will be named with the suffix `_post.onnx`.
+Before compiling your model, install the MemryX Neural Compiler tools from the
+[Install Tools](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/get_started/install_tools.html) page on the **host**.

-4.  Bind-mount the `.zip` file into the container and specify its path using `model.path` in your config.
+> **Note:** It is recommended to compile the model on the host machine, or on another separate machine, rather than inside the Frigate Docker container. Installing the compiler inside Docker may conflict with container packages. It is recommended to create a Python virtual environment and install the compiler there.

-5.  Update the `labelmap_path` to match your custom model's labels.
+Once the SDK 2.1 environment is set up, follow the
+[MemryX Compiler](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage) documentation to compile your model.

-For detailed instructions on compiling models, refer to the [MemryX Compiler](https://developer.memryx.com/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage) docs and [Tutorials](https://developer.memryx.com/tutorials/tutorials.html).
+Example:
+
+```bash
+mx_nc -m yolonas.onnx -c 4 --autocrop -v --dfp_fname yolonas.dfp
+```
+
+For detailed instructions on compiling models, refer to the [MemryX Compiler](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/tools/neural_compiler.html#usage) docs and [Tutorials](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/tutorials/tutorials.html).
+
+#### Package the Compiled Model
+
+1. Package your compiled model into a `.zip` file.
+
+2. The `.zip` file must contain the compiled `.dfp` file.
+
+3. Depending on the model, the compiler may also generate a cropped post-processing network. If present, it will be named with the suffix `_post.onnx`.
+
+4. Bind-mount the `.zip` file into the container and specify its path using `model.path` in your config.
+
+5. Update `labelmap_path` to match your custom model's labels.

 ```yaml
 # The detector automatically selects the default model if nothing is provided in the config.
@@ -1512,6 +1579,49 @@ COPY --from=build /dfine/output/dfine_${MODEL_SIZE}_obj2coco.onnx /dfine-${MODEL
 EOF
 ```

+### Downloading DEIMv2 Model
+
+[DEIMv2](https://github.com/Intellindust-AI-Lab/DEIMv2) can be exported as ONNX by running the command below. Pretrained weights are available on Hugging Face for two backbone families:
+
+- **HGNetv2** (smaller/faster): `atto`, `femto`, `pico`, `n`
+- **DINOv3** (larger/more accurate): `s`, `m`, `l`, `x`
+
+Set `BACKBONE` and `MODEL_SIZE` in the first line to match your desired variant. Hugging Face model names use uppercase (e.g. `HGNetv2_N`, `DINOv3_S`), while config files use lowercase (e.g. `hgnetv2_n`, `dinov3_s`).
+
+```sh
+docker build . --rm --build-arg BACKBONE=hgnetv2 --build-arg MODEL_SIZE=n --output . -f- <<'EOF'
+FROM python:3.11-slim AS build
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y git libgl1 libglib2.0-0 && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:0.8.0 /uv /bin/
+WORKDIR /deimv2
+RUN git clone https://github.com/Intellindust-AI-Lab/DEIMv2.git .
+# Install CPU-only PyTorch first to avoid pulling CUDA variant
+RUN uv pip install --no-cache --system torch torchvision --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu
+RUN uv pip install --no-cache --system -r requirements.txt
+RUN uv pip install --no-cache --system onnx safetensors huggingface_hub
+RUN mkdir -p output
+ARG BACKBONE
+ARG MODEL_SIZE
+# Download from Hugging Face and convert safetensors to pth
+RUN python3 -c "\
+from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download; \
+from safetensors.torch import load_file; \
+import torch; \
+backbone = '${BACKBONE}'.replace('hgnetv2','HGNetv2').replace('dinov3','DINOv3'); \
+size = '${MODEL_SIZE}'.upper(); \
+st = load_file(hf_hub_download('Intellindust/DEIMv2_' + backbone + '_' + size + '_COCO', 'model.safetensors')); \
+torch.save({'model': st}, 'output/deimv2.pth')"
+RUN sed -i "s/data = torch.rand(2/data = torch.rand(1/" tools/deployment/export_onnx.py
+# HuggingFace safetensors omits frozen constants that the model constructor initializes
+RUN sed -i "s/cfg.model.load_state_dict(state)/cfg.model.load_state_dict(state, strict=False)/" tools/deployment/export_onnx.py
+RUN python3 tools/deployment/export_onnx.py -c configs/deimv2/deimv2_${BACKBONE}_${MODEL_SIZE}_coco.yml -r output/deimv2.pth
+FROM scratch
+ARG BACKBONE
+ARG MODEL_SIZE
+COPY --from=build /deimv2/output/deimv2.onnx /deimv2_${BACKBONE}_${MODEL_SIZE}.onnx
+EOF
+```
+
 ### Downloading RF-DETR Model

 RF-DETR can be exported as ONNX by running the command below. You can copy and paste the whole thing to your terminal and execute, altering `MODEL_SIZE=Nano` in the first line to `Nano`, `Small`, or `Medium` size.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ record:

 ## Will Frigate delete old recordings if my storage runs out?

-As of Frigate 0.12 if there is less than an hour left of storage, the oldest 2 hours of recordings will be deleted.
+If there is less than an hour left of storage, the oldest hour of recordings will be deleted and a message will be printed in the Frigate logs. This emergency cleanup deletes the oldest recordings first regardless of retention settings to reclaim space as quickly as possible.

 ## Configuring Recording Retention

@@ -908,8 +908,8 @@ cameras:
    onvif:
      # Required: host of the camera being connected to.
      # NOTE: HTTP is assumed by default; HTTPS is supported if you specify the scheme, ex: "https://0.0.0.0".
-      # NOTE: ONVIF host, user, and password can be specified with environment variables or docker secrets
-      #       that must begin with 'FRIGATE_'. e.g. host: '{FRIGATE_ONVIF_HOST}'
+      # NOTE: ONVIF user, and password can be specified with environment variables or docker secrets
+      #       that must begin with 'FRIGATE_'. e.g. host: '{FRIGATE_ONVIF_USERNAME}'
      host: 0.0.0.0
      # Optional: ONVIF port for device (default: shown below).
      port: 8000
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ Enabling arbitrary exec sources allows execution of arbitrary commands through g

 ## Advanced Restream Configurations

-The [exec](https://github.com/AlexxIT/go2rtc/tree/v1.9.10#source-exec) source in go2rtc can be used for custom ffmpeg commands. An example is below:
+The [exec](https://github.com/AlexxIT/go2rtc/tree/v1.9.10#source-exec) source in go2rtc can be used for custom ffmpeg commands and other applications. An example is below:

 :::warning

@@ -216,16 +216,11 @@ The `exec:`, `echo:`, and `expr:` sources are disabled by default for security.

 :::

-:::warning
-
-The `exec:`, `echo:`, and `expr:` sources are disabled by default for security. You must set `GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC=true` to use them. See [Security: Restricted Stream Sources](#security-restricted-stream-sources) for more information.
-
-:::
-
-NOTE: The output will need to be passed with two curly braces `{{output}}`
+NOTE: RTSP output will need to be passed with two curly braces `{{output}}`, whereas pipe output must be passed without curly braces.

 ```yaml
 go2rtc:
  streams:
    stream1: exec:ffmpeg -hide_banner -re -stream_loop -1 -i /media/BigBuckBunny.mp4 -c copy -rtsp_transport tcp -f rtsp {{output}}
+    stream2: exec:rpicam-vid -t 0 --libav-format h264 -o -
 ```
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Frigate is a Docker container that can be run on any Docker host including as a

 :::tip

-If you already have Frigate installed as a Home Assistant App, check out the [getting started guide](../guides/getting_started#configuring-frigate) to configure Frigate.
+If you already have Frigate installed as a Home Assistant App, check out the [getting started guide](../guides/getting_started.md#configuring-frigate) to configure Frigate.

 :::

@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ The MemryX MX3 Accelerator is available in the M.2 2280 form factor (like an NVM

 #### Installation

-To get started with MX3 hardware setup for your system, refer to the [Hardware Setup Guide](https://developer.memryx.com/get_started/hardware_setup.html).
+To get started with MX3 hardware setup for your system, refer to the [Hardware Setup Guide](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/get_started/install_hardware.html).

 Then follow these steps for installing the correct driver/runtime configuration:

@@ -306,6 +306,12 @@ Then follow these steps for installing the correct driver/runtime configuration:
 3. Run the script with `./user_installation.sh`
 4. **Restart your computer** to complete driver installation.

+:::warning
+
+For manual setup, use **MemryX SDK 2.1** only. Other SDK versions are not supported for this setup. See the [SDK 2.1 documentation](https://developer.memryx.com/2p1/index.html)
+
+:::
+
 #### Setup

 To set up Frigate, follow the default installation instructions, for example: `ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:stable`
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ title: Updating

 # Updating Frigate

-The current stable version of Frigate is **0.17.0**. The release notes and any breaking changes for this version can be found on the [Frigate GitHub releases page](https://github.com/blakeblackshear/frigate/releases/tag/v0.17.0).
+The current stable version of Frigate is **0.17.2**. The release notes and any breaking changes for this version can be found on the [Frigate GitHub releases page](https://github.com/blakeblackshear/frigate/releases/tag/v0.17.2).

 Keeping Frigate up to date ensures you benefit from the latest features, performance improvements, and bug fixes. The update process varies slightly depending on your installation method (Docker, Home Assistant App, etc.). Below are instructions for the most common setups.

@@ -31,21 +31,21 @@ If you’re running Frigate via Docker (recommended method), follow these steps:

 2. **Update and Pull the Latest Image**:
   - If using Docker Compose:
-     - Edit your `docker-compose.yml` file to specify the desired version tag (e.g., `0.17.0` instead of `0.16.4`). For example:
+     - Edit your `docker-compose.yml` file to specify the desired version tag (e.g., `0.17.2` instead of `0.16.4`). For example:
       ```yaml
       services:
         frigate:
-           image: ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.0
+           image: ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.2
       ```
     - Then pull the image:
       ```bash
-       docker pull ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.0
+       docker pull ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.2
       ```
     - **Note for `stable` Tag Users**: If your `docker-compose.yml` uses the `stable` tag (e.g., `ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:stable`), you don’t need to update the tag manually. The `stable` tag always points to the latest stable release after pulling.
   - If using `docker run`:
-     - Pull the image with the appropriate tag (e.g., `0.17.0`, `0.17.0-tensorrt`, or `stable`):
+     - Pull the image with the appropriate tag (e.g., `0.17.2`, `0.17.2-tensorrt`, or `stable`):
       ```bash
-       docker pull ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.0
+       docker pull ghcr.io/blakeblackshear/frigate:0.17.2
       ```

 3. **Start the Container**:
@@ -110,3 +110,19 @@ No. Frigate uses the TCP protocol to connect to your camera's RTSP URL. VLC auto
 TCP ensures that all data packets arrive in the correct order. This is crucial for video recording, decoding, and stream processing, which is why Frigate enforces a TCP connection. UDP is faster but less reliable, as it does not guarantee packet delivery or order, and VLC does not have the same requirements as Frigate.

 You can still configure Frigate to use UDP by using ffmpeg input args or the preset `preset-rtsp-udp`. See the [ffmpeg presets](/configuration/ffmpeg_presets) documentation.
+
+### Why does Frigate keep creating new events for my parked car?
+
+Stationary tracking is designed to _prevent_ this — a parked car should stay one tracked object and not generate new events. If you're getting repeated events for the same car, it's likely that Frigate is losing the tracked object and re-detecting it as a new one.
+
+Open one of the events in Explore → **Tracking Details**. If the detection scores are low (< 70% or so), the model isn't confident the parked car is a car. This is common with the free [COCO-trained](https://cocodataset.org/#explore) object detection models on steep/top-down angles, partially occluded cars, foliage, or low-light footage. When detections fall below `min_score` for too many frames the tracker loses the object, and the next confident frame creates a brand new one.
+
+What helps:
+
+- **Improve the view** — even a small angle change that gets more of the car visible could lift scores enough to stabilize tracking.
+- **Use a more accurate model** — switching from `mobiledet` to `yolov9`, or stepping up to a larger variant like `yolov9-s` over `yolov9-t`, can help (at the cost of inference time, and still on the COCO dataset). The biggest gains usually come from fine-tuning a model on images from your own cameras so it learns your specific scene. [Frigate+](https://frigate.video/plus) is a paid option that does this - models are trained on security-camera footage and can be fine-tuned on images you submit from your own setup.
+- **Don't set `detect -> stationary -> max_frames` for `car`** — it artificially ends tracking and forces re-detection as a new object. See [Stationary Objects](../configuration/stationary_objects.md).
+- **Restrict alerts to the areas you care about** with `required_zones` — see [Zones](../configuration/zones.md#restricting-alerts-and-detections-to-specific-zones). Make sure those zones use the default `loitering_time: 0` unless you specifically want the review item to stay open until the car leaves.
+- **Filter impossible locations** with [object filter masks](../configuration/masks.md#object-filter-masks) if cars are being detected on rooftops, treetops, etc.
+
+See [Object Filters](../configuration/object_filters.md) for more on tuning `min_score` and `threshold` — note that raising them too high will make this exact problem worse.
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ def config_raw_paths(request: Request):
    return JSONResponse(content=raw_paths)


-@router.get("/config/raw", dependencies=[Depends(allow_any_authenticated())])
+@router.get("/config/raw", dependencies=[Depends(require_role(["admin"]))])
 def config_raw():
    config_file = find_config_file()

@@ -732,7 +732,12 @@ def get_recognized_license_plates(


@router.get("/timeline", dependencies=[Depends(allow_any_authenticated())])
-def timeline(camera: str = "all", limit: int = 100, source_id: Optional[str] = None):
+def timeline(
+    camera: str = "all",
+    limit: int = 100,
+    source_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    allowed_cameras: List[str] = Depends(get_allowed_cameras_for_filter),
+):
    clauses = []

    selected_columns = [
@@ -754,6 +759,9 @@ def timeline(camera: str = "all", limit: int = 100, source_id: Optional[str] = N
        else:
            clauses.append((Timeline.source_id.in_(source_ids)))

+    # Enforce per-camera access control
+    clauses.append((Timeline.camera << allowed_cameras))
+
    if len(clauses) == 0:
        clauses.append((True))

@@ -769,7 +777,10 @@ def timeline(camera: str = "all", limit: int = 100, source_id: Optional[str] = N


@router.get("/timeline/hourly", dependencies=[Depends(allow_any_authenticated())])
-def hourly_timeline(params: AppTimelineHourlyQueryParameters = Depends()):
+def hourly_timeline(
+    params: AppTimelineHourlyQueryParameters = Depends(),
+    allowed_cameras: List[str] = Depends(get_allowed_cameras_for_filter),
+):
    """Get hourly summary for timeline."""
    cameras = params.cameras
    labels = params.labels
@@ -787,6 +798,9 @@ def hourly_timeline(params: AppTimelineHourlyQueryParameters = Depends()):
        camera_list = cameras.split(",")
        clauses.append((Timeline.camera << camera_list))

+    # Enforce per-camera access control
+    clauses.append((Timeline.camera << allowed_cameras))
+
    if labels != "all":
        label_list = labels.split(",")
        clauses.append((Timeline.data["label"] << label_list))
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ def require_admin_by_default():
        "/stats",
        "/stats/history",
        "/config",
-        "/config/raw",
        "/vainfo",
        "/nvinfo",
        "/labels",
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ from frigate.api.defs.tags import Tags
 from frigate.config.config import FrigateConfig
 from frigate.util.builtin import clean_camera_user_pass
 from frigate.util.image import run_ffmpeg_snapshot
-from frigate.util.services import ffprobe_stream
+from frigate.util.services import ffprobe_stream, is_restricted_go2rtc_source

 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

@@ -111,6 +111,19 @@ def go2rtc_camera_stream(request: Request, stream_name: str):
 )
 def go2rtc_add_stream(request: Request, stream_name: str, src: str = ""):
    """Add or update a go2rtc stream configuration."""
+    if src and is_restricted_go2rtc_source(src):
+        logger.warning(
+            "Rejected go2rtc stream '%s' with restricted source type (echo/expr/exec)",
+            stream_name,
+        )
+        return JSONResponse(
+            content={
+                "success": False,
+                "message": "Restricted stream source type",
+            },
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+
    try:
        params = {"name": stream_name}
        if src:
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from pydantic.json_schema import SkipJsonSchema

 from frigate.record.export import (
+    ChaptersEnum,
    PlaybackFactorEnum,
    PlaybackSourceEnum,
 )
@@ -18,3 +19,11 @@ class ExportRecordingsBody(BaseModel):
    )
    name: Optional[str] = Field(title="Friendly name", default=None, max_length=256)
    image_path: Union[str, SkipJsonSchema[None]] = None
+    chapters: Optional[ChaptersEnum] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        title="Chapter mode",
+        description=(
+            "Optional chapter metadata to embed in the export. When omitted, "
+            "no chapter track is added."
+        ),
+    )
@@ -91,8 +91,26 @@ def export_recording(
    playback_factor = body.playback
    playback_source = body.source
    friendly_name = body.name
+
+    # sanitize_filepath normalizes "\" to "/" but leaves ".." intact, so a path
+    # like "clips\..\..\etc/passwd" passes the CLIPS_DIR prefix check yet still
+    # escapes the directory once resolved. A valid snapshot path never uses "..".
+    if body.image_path and ".." in body.image_path:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            content=({"success": False, "message": "Invalid image path"}),
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+
    existing_image = sanitize_filepath(body.image_path) if body.image_path else None

+    # a chapters value in the request body overrides the camera's export config
+    camera_config = request.app.frigate_config.cameras[camera_name]
+    chapters = (
+        body.chapters
+        if body.chapters is not None
+        else camera_config.record.export.chapters
+    )
+
    # Ensure that existing_image is a valid path
    if existing_image and not existing_image.startswith(CLIPS_DIR):
        return JSONResponse(
@@ -161,6 +179,7 @@ def export_recording(
            if playback_source in PlaybackSourceEnum.__members__.values()
            else PlaybackSourceEnum.recordings
        ),
+        chapters=chapters,
    )
    exporter.start()
    return JSONResponse(
@@ -59,6 +59,19 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 router = APIRouter(tags=[Tags.media])


+def _resolve_cache_age(max_cache_age: int) -> int:
+    """Return max_cache_age as an int.
+
+    When a media handler is invoked directly by another handler instead of
+    through its route, FastAPI doesn't resolve the Query() default and
+    max_cache_age arrives as the Query object; fall back to its int default.
+    """
+    if isinstance(max_cache_age, int):
+        return max_cache_age
+
+    return max_cache_age.default
+
+
@router.get("/{camera_name}", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)])
 async def mjpeg_feed(
    request: Request,
@@ -380,7 +393,9 @@ async def submit_recording_snapshot_to_plus(
            )

        nd = cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(image_data, dtype=np.int8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
-        request.app.frigate_config.plus_api.upload_image(nd, camera_name)
+        await asyncio.to_thread(
+            request.app.frigate_config.plus_api.upload_image, nd, camera_name
+        )

        return JSONResponse(
            content={
@@ -1142,7 +1157,6 @@ async def event_snapshot(

@router.get(
    "/events/{event_id}/thumbnail.{extension}",
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)],
 )
 async def event_thumbnail(
    request: Request,
@@ -1214,7 +1228,7 @@ async def event_thumbnail(
        thumbnail_bytes,
        media_type=extension.get_mime_type(),
        headers={
-            "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={max_cache_age}"
+            "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={_resolve_cache_age(max_cache_age)}"
            if event_complete
            else "no-store",
        },
@@ -1344,12 +1358,12 @@ def grid_snapshot(

@router.get(
    "/events/{event_id}/snapshot-clean.webp",
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)],
 )
-def event_snapshot_clean(request: Request, event_id: str, download: bool = False):
+async def event_snapshot_clean(request: Request, event_id: str, download: bool = False):
    webp_bytes = None
    try:
        event = Event.get(Event.id == event_id)
+        await require_camera_access(event.camera, request=request)
        snapshot_config = request.app.frigate_config.cameras[event.camera].snapshots
        if not (snapshot_config.enabled and event.has_snapshot):
            return JSONResponse(
@@ -1470,7 +1484,7 @@ def event_snapshot_clean(request: Request, event_id: str, download: bool = False


@router.get(
-    "/events/{event_id}/clip.mp4", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)]
+    "/events/{event_id}/clip.mp4",
 )
 async def event_clip(
    request: Request,
@@ -1484,6 +1498,8 @@ async def event_clip(
            content={"success": False, "message": "Event not found"}, status_code=404
        )

+    await require_camera_access(event.camera, request=request)
+
    if not event.has_clip:
        return JSONResponse(
            content={"success": False, "message": "Clip not available"}, status_code=404
@@ -1500,9 +1516,9 @@ async def event_clip(


@router.get(
-    "/events/{event_id}/preview.gif", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)]
+    "/events/{event_id}/preview.gif",
 )
-def event_preview(request: Request, event_id: str):
+async def event_preview(request: Request, event_id: str):
    try:
        event: Event = Event.get(Event.id == event_id)
    except DoesNotExist:
@@ -1510,18 +1526,20 @@ def event_preview(request: Request, event_id: str):
            content={"success": False, "message": "Event not found"}, status_code=404
        )

+    await require_camera_access(event.camera, request=request)
+
    start_ts = event.start_time
    end_ts = start_ts + (
        min(event.end_time - event.start_time, 20) if event.end_time else 20
    )
-    return preview_gif(request, event.camera, start_ts, end_ts)
+    return await preview_gif(request, event.camera, start_ts, end_ts)


@router.get(
    "/{camera_name}/start/{start_ts}/end/{end_ts}/preview.gif",
    dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)],
 )
-def preview_gif(
+async def preview_gif(
    request: Request,
    camera_name: str,
    start_ts: float,
@@ -1584,7 +1602,8 @@ def preview_gif(
            "-",
        ]

-        process = sp.run(
+        process = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            sp.run,
            ffmpeg_cmd,
            capture_output=True,
        )
@@ -1651,7 +1670,8 @@ def preview_gif(
            "-",
        ]

-        process = sp.run(
+        process = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            sp.run,
            ffmpeg_cmd,
            input=str.encode("\n".join(selected_previews)),
            capture_output=True,
@@ -1670,7 +1690,7 @@ def preview_gif(
        gif_bytes,
        media_type="image/gif",
        headers={
-            "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={max_cache_age}",
+            "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={_resolve_cache_age(max_cache_age)}",
            "Content-Type": "image/gif",
        },
    )
@@ -1680,7 +1700,7 @@ def preview_gif(
    "/{camera_name}/start/{start_ts}/end/{end_ts}/preview.mp4",
    dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)],
 )
-def preview_mp4(
+async def preview_mp4(
    request: Request,
    camera_name: str,
    start_ts: float,
@@ -1760,7 +1780,8 @@ def preview_mp4(
            path,
        ]

-        process = sp.run(
+        process = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            sp.run,
            ffmpeg_cmd,
            capture_output=True,
        )
@@ -1824,7 +1845,8 @@ def preview_mp4(
            path,
        ]

-        process = sp.run(
+        process = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            sp.run,
            ffmpeg_cmd,
            input=str.encode("\n".join(selected_previews)),
            capture_output=True,
@@ -1839,7 +1861,7 @@ def preview_mp4(

    headers = {
        "Content-Description": "File Transfer",
-        "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={max_cache_age}",
+        "Cache-Control": f"private, max-age={_resolve_cache_age(max_cache_age)}",
        "Content-Type": "video/mp4",
        "Content-Length": str(os.path.getsize(path)),
        # nginx: https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html#proxy_ignore_headers
@@ -1854,8 +1876,8 @@ def preview_mp4(
    )


-@router.get("/review/{event_id}/preview", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)])
-def review_preview(
+@router.get("/review/{event_id}/preview")
+async def review_preview(
    request: Request,
    event_id: str,
    format: str = Query(default="gif", enum=["gif", "mp4"]),
@@ -1868,6 +1890,8 @@ def review_preview(
            status_code=404,
        )

+    await require_camera_access(review.camera, request=request)
+
    padding = 8
    start_ts = review.start_time - padding
    end_ts = (
@@ -1875,18 +1899,20 @@ def review_preview(
    )

    if format == "gif":
-        return preview_gif(request, review.camera, start_ts, end_ts)
+        return await preview_gif(request, review.camera, start_ts, end_ts)
    else:
-        return preview_mp4(request, review.camera, start_ts, end_ts)
+        return await preview_mp4(request, review.camera, start_ts, end_ts)


@router.get(
-    "/preview/{file_name}/thumbnail.jpg", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)]
+    "/preview/{file_name}/thumbnail.jpg",
+    dependencies=[Depends(allow_any_authenticated())],
 )
@router.get(
-    "/preview/{file_name}/thumbnail.webp", dependencies=[Depends(require_camera_access)]
+    "/preview/{file_name}/thumbnail.webp",
+    dependencies=[Depends(allow_any_authenticated())],
 )
-def preview_thumbnail(file_name: str):
+async def preview_thumbnail(request: Request, file_name: str):
    """Get a thumbnail from the cached preview frames."""
    if len(file_name) > 1000:
        return JSONResponse(
@@ -1896,6 +1922,17 @@ def preview_thumbnail(file_name: str):
            status_code=403,
        )

+    # Extract camera name from preview filename (format: preview_{camera}-{timestamp}.ext)
+    if not file_name.startswith("preview_"):
+        return JSONResponse(
+            content={"success": False, "message": "Invalid preview filename"},
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+    # Use rsplit to handle camera names containing dashes (e.g. front-door)
+    name_part = file_name[len("preview_") :].rsplit(".", 1)[0]  # strip extension
+    camera_name = name_part.rsplit("-", 1)[0]  # split off timestamp
+    await require_camera_access(camera_name, request=request)
+
    safe_file_name_current = sanitize_filename(file_name)
    preview_dir = os.path.join(CACHE_DIR, "preview_frames")

@@ -17,9 +17,117 @@ from ws4py.websocket import WebSocket as WebSocket_

 from frigate.comms.base_communicator import Communicator
 from frigate.config import FrigateConfig
+from frigate.const import (
+    CLEAR_ONGOING_REVIEW_SEGMENTS,
+    EXPIRE_AUDIO_ACTIVITY,
+    INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS,
+    INSERT_PREVIEW,
+    NOTIFICATION_TEST,
+    REQUEST_REGION_GRID,
+    UPDATE_AUDIO_ACTIVITY,
+    UPDATE_AUDIO_TRANSCRIPTION_STATE,
+    UPDATE_BIRDSEYE_LAYOUT,
+    UPDATE_CAMERA_ACTIVITY,
+    UPDATE_EMBEDDINGS_REINDEX_PROGRESS,
+    UPDATE_EVENT_DESCRIPTION,
+    UPDATE_MODEL_STATE,
+    UPDATE_REVIEW_DESCRIPTION,
+    UPSERT_REVIEW_SEGMENT,
+)
+from frigate.models import User

 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

+# Internal IPC topics — NEVER allowed from WebSocket, regardless of role
+_WS_BLOCKED_TOPICS = frozenset(
+    {
+        INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS,
+        INSERT_PREVIEW,
+        REQUEST_REGION_GRID,
+        UPSERT_REVIEW_SEGMENT,
+        CLEAR_ONGOING_REVIEW_SEGMENTS,
+        UPDATE_CAMERA_ACTIVITY,
+        UPDATE_AUDIO_ACTIVITY,
+        EXPIRE_AUDIO_ACTIVITY,
+        UPDATE_EVENT_DESCRIPTION,
+        UPDATE_REVIEW_DESCRIPTION,
+        UPDATE_MODEL_STATE,
+        UPDATE_EMBEDDINGS_REINDEX_PROGRESS,
+        UPDATE_BIRDSEYE_LAYOUT,
+        UPDATE_AUDIO_TRANSCRIPTION_STATE,
+        NOTIFICATION_TEST,
+    }
+)
+
+# Read-only topics any authenticated user (including viewer) can send
+_WS_VIEWER_TOPICS = frozenset(
+    {
+        "onConnect",
+        "modelState",
+        "audioTranscriptionState",
+        "birdseyeLayout",
+        "embeddingsReindexProgress",
+    }
+)
+
+# Camera-scoped command topics a camera-authorized (non-admin) user may send.
+_WS_CAMERA_COMMAND_TOPICS = frozenset({"ptz"})
+
+
+def _check_ws_authorization(
+    topic: str,
+    role_header: str | None,
+    separator: str,
+    roles_config: dict[str, list[str]] | None = None,
+    camera_names: set[str] | None = None,
+) -> bool:
+    """Check if a WebSocket message is authorized.
+
+    Args:
+        topic: The message topic.
+        role_header: The HTTP_REMOTE_ROLE header value, or None.
+        separator: The role separator character from proxy config.
+        roles_config: The auth.roles mapping (role -> allowed cameras), used to
+            authorize camera-scoped commands for non-admin users.
+        camera_names: All configured camera names, used to resolve a role's
+            allowed cameras.
+
+    Returns:
+        True if authorized, False if blocked.
+    """
+    # Block IPC-only topics unconditionally
+    if topic in _WS_BLOCKED_TOPICS:
+        return False
+
+    # No role header: default to viewer (fail-closed)
+    roles = [r.strip() for r in role_header.split(separator)] if role_header else []
+
+    # Admin can send anything
+    if "admin" in roles:
+        return True
+
+    # Read-only topics any authenticated user can send
+    if topic in _WS_VIEWER_TOPICS:
+        return True
+
+    # Camera-scoped command like "<camera>/ptz": allow when the user's role(s)
+    # grant access to that camera.
+    parts = topic.split("/")
+    if (
+        roles_config is not None
+        and len(parts) == 2
+        and parts[1] in _WS_CAMERA_COMMAND_TOPICS
+    ):
+        allowed: set[str] = set()
+        # No role header maps to the default viewer role (e.g. proxy-only setups)
+        for role in roles or ["viewer"]:
+            allowed.update(
+                User.get_allowed_cameras(role, roles_config, camera_names or set())
+            )
+        return parts[0] in allowed
+
+    return False
+

 class WebSocket(WebSocket_):  # type: ignore[misc]
    def unhandled_error(self, error: Any) -> None:
@@ -49,6 +157,9 @@ class WebSocketClient(Communicator):

        class _WebSocketHandler(WebSocket):
            receiver = self._dispatcher
+            role_separator = self.config.proxy.separator or ","
+            roles_config = self.config.auth.roles
+            camera_names = set(self.config.cameras.keys())

            def received_message(self, message: WebSocket.received_message) -> None:  # type: ignore[name-defined]
                try:
@@ -63,11 +174,29 @@ class WebSocketClient(Communicator):
                    )
                    return

-                logger.debug(
-                    f"Publishing mqtt message from websockets at {json_message['topic']}."
+                topic = json_message["topic"]
+
+                # Authorization check (skip when environ is None — direct internal connection)
+                role_header = (
+                    self.environ.get("HTTP_REMOTE_ROLE") if self.environ else None
                )
+                if self.environ is not None and not _check_ws_authorization(
+                    topic,
+                    role_header,
+                    self.role_separator,
+                    self.roles_config,
+                    self.camera_names,
+                ):
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Blocked unauthorized WebSocket message: topic=%s, role=%s",
+                        topic,
+                        role_header,
+                    )
+                    return
+
+                logger.debug(f"Publishing mqtt message from websockets at {topic}.")
                self.receiver(
-                    json_message["topic"],
+                    topic,
                    json_message["payload"],
                )

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from frigate.review.types import SeverityEnum
 from ..base import FrigateBaseModel

 __all__ = [
+    "ChaptersEnum",
    "RecordConfig",
    "RecordExportConfig",
    "RecordPreviewConfig",
@@ -66,10 +67,19 @@ class RecordPreviewConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    )


+class ChaptersEnum(str, Enum):
+    none = "none"
+    recording_segments = "recording_segments"
+
+
 class RecordExportConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    timelapse_args: str = Field(
        default=DEFAULT_TIME_LAPSE_FFMPEG_ARGS, title="Timelapse Args"
    )
+    chapters: ChaptersEnum = Field(
+        default=ChaptersEnum.none,
+        title="Chapter metadata to embed in exported recordings",
+    )


 class RecordConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
@@ -321,6 +321,9 @@ class AudioEventMaintainer(threading.Thread):
            self.start_or_restart_ffmpeg()

        while not self.stop_event.is_set():
+            # check if there is an updated config
+            self.config_subscriber.check_for_updates()
+
            enabled = self.camera_config.enabled
            if enabled != self.was_enabled:
                if enabled:
@@ -347,9 +350,6 @@ class AudioEventMaintainer(threading.Thread):
                time.sleep(0.1)
                continue

-            # check if there is an updated config
-            self.config_subscriber.check_for_updates()
-
            self.read_audio()

        if self.audio_listener:
@@ -324,6 +324,10 @@ class EventCleanup(threading.Thread):
        return events_to_update

    def run(self) -> None:
+        if self.config.safe_mode:
+            logger.info("Safe mode enabled, skipping event cleanup")
+            return
+
        # only expire events every 5 minutes
        while not self.stop_event.wait(300):
            events_with_expired_clips = self.expire_clips()
@@ -350,6 +350,10 @@ class RecordingCleanup(threading.Thread):
        logger.debug("End expire recordings.")

    def run(self) -> None:
+        if self.config.safe_mode:
+            logger.info("Safe mode enabled, skipping recording cleanup")
+            return
+
        # on startup sync recordings with disk if enabled
        if self.config.record.sync_recordings:
            sync_recordings(limited=False)
@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@ from enum import Enum
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional

+import pytz
 from peewee import DoesNotExist

 from frigate.config import FfmpegConfig, FrigateConfig
+from frigate.config.camera.record import ChaptersEnum
 from frigate.const import (
    CACHE_DIR,
    CLIPS_DIR,
@@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):
        end_time: int,
        playback_factor: PlaybackFactorEnum,
        playback_source: PlaybackSourceEnum,
+        chapters: Optional[ChaptersEnum] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):
        self.end_time = end_time
        self.playback_factor = playback_factor
        self.playback_source = playback_source
+        self.chapters = chapters

        # ensure export thumb dir
        Path(os.path.join(CLIPS_DIR, "export")).mkdir(exist_ok=True)
@@ -83,6 +87,77 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):
        # return in iso format
        return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

+    def _chapter_metadata_path(self) -> str:
+        return os.path.join(CACHE_DIR, f"export_chapters_{self.export_id}.txt")
+
+    def _build_recording_segment_chapter_metadata_file(
+        self, recordings: list
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Write an FFmpeg metadata file with one chapter per recording segment.
+
+        Each chapter's title is the segment's wallclock start time in
+        strict ISO 8601 form so a viewer can map any point in the
+        export's playback timeline back to real-world time without
+        OCR-ing a burnt-in timestamp. Chapter offsets are computed in
+        *output time*: the VOD endpoint concatenates recording clips
+        back-to-back, so wall-clock gaps between recordings collapse in
+        the produced video. Returns ``None`` when there are no
+        recordings or every segment is empty after clipping.
+        """
+        if not recordings:
+            return None
+
+        tz_name = self.config.ui.timezone
+        tz: Optional[datetime.tzinfo] = None
+        if tz_name:
+            try:
+                tz = pytz.timezone(tz_name)
+            except pytz.UnknownTimeZoneError:
+                tz = None
+        if tz is None:
+            tz = datetime.timezone.utc
+
+        chapter_blocks: list[str] = []
+        output_offset_ms = 0
+        for rec in recordings:
+            clipped_start = max(float(rec.start_time), float(self.start_time))
+            clipped_end = min(float(rec.end_time), float(self.end_time))
+            if clipped_end <= clipped_start:
+                continue
+
+            duration_ms = int(round((clipped_end - clipped_start) * 1000))
+            if duration_ms <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            title = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(clipped_start, tz=tz).isoformat(
+                timespec="seconds"
+            )
+            chapter_blocks.append(
+                "[CHAPTER]\n"
+                "TIMEBASE=1/1000\n"
+                f"START={output_offset_ms}\n"
+                f"END={output_offset_ms + duration_ms}\n"
+                f"title={title}"
+            )
+            output_offset_ms += duration_ms
+
+        if not chapter_blocks:
+            return None
+
+        meta_path = self._chapter_metadata_path()
+        try:
+            with open(meta_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                f.write(";FFMETADATA1\n")
+                f.write("\n".join(chapter_blocks))
+                f.write("\n")
+        except OSError:
+            logger.exception(
+                "Failed to write chapter metadata file for export %s", self.export_id
+            )
+            return None
+
+        return meta_path
+
    def save_thumbnail(self, id: str) -> str:
        thumb_path = os.path.join(CLIPS_DIR, f"export/{id}.webp")

@@ -218,9 +293,41 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):

            ffmpeg_input = "-y -protocol_whitelist pipe,file,http,tcp -f concat -safe 0 -i /dev/stdin"

+        # When chapters are requested, query the per-segment recording rows
+        # and write an FFmpeg metadata sidecar. Timelapse playback rescales
+        # time so chapter offsets would no longer match wallclock — restrict
+        # chapter injection to realtime playback.
+        chapter_args = ""
+        if (
+            self.chapters == ChaptersEnum.recording_segments
+            and self.playback_factor == PlaybackFactorEnum.realtime
+        ):
+            recordings = list(
+                Recordings.select(
+                    Recordings.start_time,
+                    Recordings.end_time,
+                )
+                .where(
+                    Recordings.start_time.between(self.start_time, self.end_time)
+                    | Recordings.end_time.between(self.start_time, self.end_time)
+                    | (
+                        (self.start_time > Recordings.start_time)
+                        & (self.end_time < Recordings.end_time)
+                    )
+                )
+                .where(Recordings.camera == self.camera)
+                .order_by(Recordings.start_time.asc())
+                .iterator()
+            )
+            chapters_path = self._build_recording_segment_chapter_metadata_file(
+                recordings
+            )
+            if chapters_path:
+                chapter_args = f" -i {chapters_path} -map 0 -dn -map_metadata 1"
+
        if self.playback_factor == PlaybackFactorEnum.realtime:
            ffmpeg_cmd = (
-                f"{self.config.ffmpeg.ffmpeg_path} -hide_banner {ffmpeg_input} -c copy -movflags +faststart"
+                f"{self.config.ffmpeg.ffmpeg_path} -hide_banner {ffmpeg_input}{chapter_args} -c copy -movflags +faststart"
            ).split(" ")
        elif self.playback_factor == PlaybackFactorEnum.timelapse_25x:
            ffmpeg_cmd = (
@@ -235,7 +342,19 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):

        # add metadata
        title = f"Frigate Recording for {self.camera}, {self.get_datetime_from_timestamp(self.start_time)} - {self.get_datetime_from_timestamp(self.end_time)}"
-        ffmpeg_cmd.extend(["-metadata", f"title={title}"])
+        creation_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            self.start_time, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+        ).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ")
+        ffmpeg_cmd.extend(
+            [
+                "-metadata",
+                f"title={title}",
+                "-metadata",
+                f"creation_time={creation_time}",
+                "-metadata",
+                f"comment=Camera: {self.camera}",
+            ]
+        )

        ffmpeg_cmd.append(video_path)

@@ -311,7 +430,7 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):

        if self.playback_factor == PlaybackFactorEnum.realtime:
            ffmpeg_cmd = (
-                f"{self.config.ffmpeg.ffmpeg_path} -hide_banner {ffmpeg_input} {codec} -movflags +faststart {video_path}"
+                f"{self.config.ffmpeg.ffmpeg_path} -hide_banner {ffmpeg_input} {codec} -movflags +faststart"
            ).split(" ")
        elif self.playback_factor == PlaybackFactorEnum.timelapse_25x:
            ffmpeg_cmd = (
@@ -319,14 +438,28 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):
                    self.config.ffmpeg.ffmpeg_path,
                    self.config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args,
                    f"{TIMELAPSE_DATA_INPUT_ARGS} {ffmpeg_input}",
-                    f"{self.config.cameras[self.camera].record.export.timelapse_args} -movflags +faststart {video_path}",
+                    f"{self.config.cameras[self.camera].record.export.timelapse_args} -movflags +faststart",
                    EncodeTypeEnum.timelapse,
                )
            ).split(" ")

        # add metadata
        title = f"Frigate Preview for {self.camera}, {self.get_datetime_from_timestamp(self.start_time)} - {self.get_datetime_from_timestamp(self.end_time)}"
-        ffmpeg_cmd.extend(["-metadata", f"title={title}"])
+        creation_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            self.start_time, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+        ).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ")
+        ffmpeg_cmd.extend(
+            [
+                "-metadata",
+                f"title={title}",
+                "-metadata",
+                f"creation_time={creation_time}",
+                "-metadata",
+                f"comment=Camera: {self.camera}",
+            ]
+        )
+
+        ffmpeg_cmd.append(video_path)

        return ffmpeg_cmd, playlist_lines

@@ -376,6 +509,8 @@ class RecordingExporter(threading.Thread):
            capture_output=True,
        )

+        Path(self._chapter_metadata_path()).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
        if p.returncode != 0:
            logger.error(
                f"Failed to export {self.playback_source.value} for command {' '.join(ffmpeg_cmd)}"
@@ -547,6 +547,8 @@ class RecordingMaintainer(threading.Thread):
                    "copy",
                    "-movflags",
                    "+faststart",
+                    "-metadata",
+                    f"creation_time={start_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ')}",
                    file_path,
                    stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                    stdout=asyncio.subprocess.DEVNULL,
@@ -272,6 +272,10 @@ class StorageMaintainer(threading.Thread):

    def run(self):
        """Check every 5 minutes if storage needs to be cleaned up."""
+        if self.config.safe_mode:
+            logger.info("Safe mode enabled, skipping storage maintenance")
+            return
+
        self.calculate_camera_bandwidth()
        while not self.stop_event.wait(300):
            if not self.camera_storage_stats or True in [
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import os
 from unittest.mock import patch

 from fastapi import HTTPException, Request
@@ -357,6 +358,51 @@ class TestGo2rtcStreamAccess(BaseTestHttp):
            f"got {resp.status_code}"
        )

+    def test_add_stream_rejects_restricted_source(self):
+        """PUT /go2rtc/streams must reject exec:/echo:/expr: sources even for
+        admins"""
+        app = self._make_app(_MULTI_CAMERA_CONFIG)
+        with AuthTestClient(app) as client:
+            for src in (
+                "exec:/tmp/rev.sh",
+                "echo:foo",
+                "expr:bar",
+                "  exec:/tmp/rev.sh",
+            ):
+                resp = client.put(f"/go2rtc/streams/revshell?src={src}")
+                assert resp.status_code == 400, (
+                    f"Expected 400 for restricted src {src!r}; got {resp.status_code}"
+                )
+                assert resp.json().get("success") is False
+
+    def test_add_stream_allows_non_restricted_source(self):
+        """A normal stream URL should pass the restricted-source check and reach
+        the (unavailable in tests) go2rtc proxy — so we expect 500, not 400."""
+        app = self._make_app(_MULTI_CAMERA_CONFIG)
+        with AuthTestClient(app) as client:
+            resp = client.put("/go2rtc/streams/legit?src=rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video")
+            assert resp.status_code != 400, (
+                f"Non-restricted source should not be rejected with 400; got {resp.status_code}"
+            )
+
+    def test_add_stream_allows_restricted_source_when_override_set(self):
+        """When GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC is set, the API must defer to operator
+        intent and forward the request to go2rtc instead of short-circuiting with 400."""
+        app = self._make_app(_MULTI_CAMERA_CONFIG)
+        mock_response = type("R", (), {"ok": True, "status_code": 200, "text": "ok"})()
+        with patch.dict(os.environ, {"GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC": "true"}):
+            with patch(
+                "frigate.api.camera.requests.put", return_value=mock_response
+            ) as mock_put:
+                with AuthTestClient(app) as client:
+                    resp = client.put("/go2rtc/streams/legit?src=exec:/tmp/something")
+                assert resp.status_code == 200, (
+                    f"Restricted src should be forwarded when override set; got {resp.status_code}"
+                )
+                mock_put.assert_called_once()
+                forwarded_src = mock_put.call_args.kwargs["params"]["src"]
+                assert forwarded_src == "exec:/tmp/something"
+
    def test_stream_alias_blocked_when_owning_camera_disallowed(self):
        """limited_user cannot access a stream alias that belongs to a camera they
        are not allowed to see."""
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+"""Tests for WebSocket authorization checks."""
+
+import unittest
+
+from frigate.comms.ws import _check_ws_authorization
+from frigate.const import INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS, UPDATE_CAMERA_ACTIVITY
+
+
+class TestCheckWsAuthorization(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Tests for the _check_ws_authorization pure function."""
+
+    DEFAULT_SEPARATOR = ","
+
+    # admin/viewer are reserved and always map to all cameras (empty list);
+    # custom roles map to a specific set of cameras.
+    ROLES_CONFIG = {
+        "admin": [],
+        "viewer": [],
+        "yard": ["front_door", "backyard"],
+        "garage_only": ["garage"],
+    }
+    CAMERA_NAMES = {"front_door", "backyard", "garage"}
+
+    # --- IPC topic blocking (unconditional, regardless of role) ---
+
+    def test_ipc_topic_blocked_for_admin(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS, "admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_ipc_topic_blocked_for_viewer(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                UPDATE_CAMERA_ACTIVITY, "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_ipc_topic_blocked_when_no_role(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS, None, self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    # --- Viewer allowed topics ---
+
+    def test_viewer_can_send_on_connect(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("onConnect", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_can_send_model_state(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("modelState", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_can_send_audio_transcription_state(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "audioTranscriptionState", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_can_send_birdseye_layout(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("birdseyeLayout", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_can_send_embeddings_reindex_progress(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "embeddingsReindexProgress", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    # --- Viewer blocked from admin topics ---
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_restart(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_camera_detect_set(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/detect/set", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_camera_ptz(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization("front_door/ptz", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_global_notifications_set(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "notifications/set", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_camera_notifications_suspend(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/notifications/suspend", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_viewer_blocked_from_arbitrary_unknown_topic(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "some_random_topic", "viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    # --- Admin access ---
+
+    def test_admin_can_send_restart(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", "admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_admin_can_send_camera_detect_set(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/detect/set", "admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_admin_can_send_camera_ptz(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("front_door/ptz", "admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    # --- Comma-separated roles ---
+
+    def test_comma_separated_admin_viewer_grants_admin(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", "admin,viewer", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_comma_separated_viewer_admin_grants_admin(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", "viewer,admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_comma_separated_with_spaces(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", "viewer, admin", self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    # --- Custom separator ---
+
+    def test_pipe_separator(self):
+        self.assertTrue(_check_ws_authorization("restart", "viewer|admin", "|"))
+
+    def test_pipe_separator_no_admin(self):
+        self.assertFalse(_check_ws_authorization("restart", "viewer|editor", "|"))
+
+    # --- No role header (fail-closed) ---
+
+    def test_no_role_header_blocks_admin_topics(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization("restart", None, self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    def test_no_role_header_allows_viewer_topics(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization("onConnect", None, self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR)
+        )
+
+    # --- Camera-scoped PTZ access (non-admin with camera access) ---
+
+    def test_viewer_can_ptz_camera_with_access(self):
+        # viewer maps to all cameras, so PTZ is allowed
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/ptz",
+                "viewer",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_role_can_ptz_assigned_camera(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/ptz",
+                "yard",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_role_blocked_from_ptz_unassigned_camera(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "garage/ptz",
+                "yard",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_roles_union_camera_access_for_ptz(self):
+        # "yard" covers front_door/backyard, "garage_only" covers garage
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "garage/ptz",
+                "yard,garage_only",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_unknown_role_blocked_from_ptz(self):
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/ptz",
+                "nonexistent",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_no_role_header_treated_as_viewer_for_ptz(self):
+        # proxy-only / auth-disabled setups default to the viewer role
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/ptz",
+                None,
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_camera_access_does_not_grant_set_commands(self):
+        # camera access enables PTZ only, not config-changing "set" commands
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/detect/set",
+                "yard",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_ptz_autotracker_stays_admin_only(self):
+        # ptz_autotracker is a config toggle, not a live-view action
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "front_door/ptz_autotracker/set",
+                "viewer",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_admin_can_ptz_any_camera_with_config(self):
+        self.assertTrue(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                "garage/ptz",
+                "admin",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_ipc_topic_still_blocked_with_camera_access(self):
+        # IPC topics are blocked unconditionally, even with camera access
+        self.assertFalse(
+            _check_ws_authorization(
+                UPDATE_CAMERA_ACTIVITY,
+                "viewer",
+                self.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR,
+                self.ROLES_CONFIG,
+                self.CAMERA_NAMES,
+            )
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()
@@ -271,18 +271,17 @@ def get_min_region_size(model_config: ModelConfig) -> int:
    """Get the min region size."""
    largest_dimension = max(model_config.height, model_config.width)

-    if largest_dimension > 320:
-        # We originally tested allowing any model to have a region down to half of the model size
-        # but this led to many false positives. In this case we specifically target larger models
-        # which can benefit from a smaller region in some cases to detect smaller objects.
-        half = int(largest_dimension / 2)
+    # return largest dimension for smaller models, but make sure the dimension is normalized
+    if largest_dimension < 320:
+        if largest_dimension % 4 == 0:
+            return largest_dimension

-        if half % 4 == 0:
-            return half
+        return int((largest_dimension + 3) / 4) * 4

-        return int((half + 3) / 4) * 4
-
-    return largest_dimension
+    # Any model that is 320 or larger should have a minimum region size of 320
+    # this allows larger models to use smaller regions to detect smaller objects
+    # in the case that the motion area is smaller so that it can be upscaled.
+    return 320


 def create_tensor_input(frame, model_config: ModelConfig, region):
@@ -556,6 +556,41 @@ def get_jetson_stats() -> Optional[dict[int, dict]]:
    return results


+def is_go2rtc_arbitrary_exec_allowed() -> bool:
+    """Read the GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC override from env, docker
+    secrets, or the Home Assistant add-on options file."""
+    raw: Optional[str] = None
+    if "GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC" in os.environ:
+        raw = os.environ.get("GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC")
+    elif (
+        os.path.isdir("/run/secrets")
+        and os.access("/run/secrets", os.R_OK)
+        and "GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC" in os.listdir("/run/secrets")
+    ):
+        try:
+            with open("/run/secrets/GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC") as f:
+                raw = f.read().strip()
+        except OSError:
+            raw = None
+    elif os.path.isfile("/data/options.json"):
+        try:
+            with open("/data/options.json") as f:
+                options = json.loads(f.read())
+            raw = options.get("go2rtc_allow_arbitrary_exec")
+        except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError):
+            raw = None
+
+    return raw is not None and str(raw).lower() in ("true", "1", "yes")
+
+
+def is_restricted_go2rtc_source(stream_source: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a stream source is a restricted type (echo, expr, or exec)
+    and the GO2RTC_ALLOW_ARBITRARY_EXEC override is not set."""
+    if not stream_source.strip().startswith(("echo:", "expr:", "exec:")):
+        return False
+    return not is_go2rtc_arbitrary_exec_allowed()
+
+
 def ffprobe_stream(ffmpeg, path: str, detailed: bool = False) -> sp.CompletedProcess:
    """Run ffprobe on stream."""
    clean_path = escape_special_characters(path)
@@ -1,88 +1,95 @@
 {
-  "cells": [
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "rmuF9iKWTbdk"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "! pip install -q git+https://github.com/Deci-AI/super-gradients.git"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "NiRCt917KKcL"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "! sed -i 's/sghub.deci.ai/sg-hub-nv.s3.amazonaws.com/' /usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/super_gradients/training/pretrained_models.py\n",
-        "! sed -i 's/sghub.deci.ai/sg-hub-nv.s3.amazonaws.com/' /usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/super_gradients/training/utils/checkpoint_utils.py"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "dTB0jy_NNSFz"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "from super_gradients.common.object_names import Models\n",
-        "from super_gradients.conversion import DetectionOutputFormatMode\n",
-        "from super_gradients.training import models\n",
-        "\n",
-        "model = models.get(Models.YOLO_NAS_S, pretrained_weights=\"coco\")"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "GymUghyCNXem"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "# export the model for compatibility with Frigate\n",
-        "\n",
-        "model.export(\"yolo_nas_s.onnx\",\n",
-        "             output_predictions_format=DetectionOutputFormatMode.FLAT_FORMAT,\n",
-        "             max_predictions_per_image=20,\n",
-        "             num_pre_nms_predictions=300,\n",
-        "             confidence_threshold=0.4,\n",
-        "             input_image_shape=(320,320),\n",
-        "            )"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "uBhXV5g4Nh42"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "from google.colab import files\n",
-        "\n",
-        "files.download('yolo_nas_s.onnx')"
-      ]
-    }
-  ],
-  "metadata": {
-    "colab": {
-      "provenance": []
-    },
-    "kernelspec": {
-      "display_name": "Python 3",
-      "name": "python3"
-    },
-    "language_info": {
-      "name": "python"
-    }
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "runtime-notice"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "**Before running:** go to **Runtime → Change runtime type → Fallback runtime version: 2025.07** (Python 3.11). The current Colab default (Python 3.12+) is incompatible with `super-gradients`."
+   ]
  },
-  "nbformat": 4,
-  "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "rmuF9iKWTbdk"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "! pip install -q \"jedi>=0.16\"\n",
+    "! pip install -q git+https://github.com/Deci-AI/super-gradients.git"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "NiRCt917KKcL"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": "! sed -i 's/sghub\\.deci\\.ai/d2gjn4b69gu75n.cloudfront.net/g; s/sg-hub-nv\\.s3\\.amazonaws\\.com/d2gjn4b69gu75n.cloudfront.net/g' /usr/local/lib/python*/dist-packages/super_gradients/training/pretrained_models.py\n! sed -i 's/sghub\\.deci\\.ai/d2gjn4b69gu75n.cloudfront.net/g; s/sg-hub-nv\\.s3\\.amazonaws\\.com/d2gjn4b69gu75n.cloudfront.net/g' /usr/local/lib/python*/dist-packages/super_gradients/training/utils/checkpoint_utils.py"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "dTB0jy_NNSFz"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from super_gradients.common.object_names import Models\n",
+    "from super_gradients.conversion import DetectionOutputFormatMode\n",
+    "from super_gradients.training import models\n",
+    "\n",
+    "model = models.get(Models.YOLO_NAS_S, pretrained_weights=\"coco\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "GymUghyCNXem"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# export the model for compatibility with Frigate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "model.export(\"yolo_nas_s.onnx\",\n",
+    "             output_predictions_format=DetectionOutputFormatMode.FLAT_FORMAT,\n",
+    "             max_predictions_per_image=20,\n",
+    "             num_pre_nms_predictions=300,\n",
+    "             confidence_threshold=0.4,\n",
+    "             input_image_shape=(320,320),\n",
+    "            )"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "uBhXV5g4Nh42"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from google.colab import files\n",
+    "\n",
+    "files.download('yolo_nas_s.onnx')"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "colab": {
+   "provenance": []
+  },
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "name": "python"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import { LiveStreamMetadata } from "@/types/live";

 const FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 10000;
 const DEFER_DELAY_MS = 2000;
+const emptyObject: Readonly<{ [key: string]: LiveStreamMetadata }> =
+  Object.freeze({});

 /**
 * Hook that fetches go2rtc stream metadata with deferred loading.
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ export default function useDeferredStreamMetadata(streamNames: string[]) {
    return metadata;
  }, []);

-  const { data: metadata = {} } = useSWR<{
+  const { data: metadata = emptyObject } = useSWR<{
    [key: string]: LiveStreamMetadata;
  }>(swrKey, fetcher, {
    revalidateOnFocus: false,
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ import SummaryTimeline from "@/components/timeline/SummaryTimeline";
 import { RecordingStartingPoint } from "@/types/record";
 import VideoControls from "@/components/player/VideoControls";
 import { TimeRange } from "@/types/timeline";
+import { useAllowedCameras } from "@/hooks/use-allowed-cameras";
 import { useCameraMotionNextTimestamp } from "@/hooks/use-camera-activity";
 import useOptimisticState from "@/hooks/use-optimistic-state";
 import { Skeleton } from "@/components/ui/skeleton";
@@ -918,25 +919,26 @@ function MotionReview({
 }: MotionReviewProps) {
  const segmentDuration = 30;
  const { data: config } = useSWR<FrigateConfig>("config");
+  const allowedCameras = useAllowedCameras();

  const reviewCameras = useMemo(() => {
    if (!config) {
      return [];
    }

-    let cameras;
-    if (!filter || !filter.cameras) {
-      cameras = Object.values(config.cameras);
-    } else {
-      const filteredCams = filter.cameras;
-
-      cameras = Object.values(config.cameras).filter((cam) =>
-        filteredCams.includes(cam.name),
-      );
-    }
+    const selectedCams = filter?.cameras;
+    const cameras = Object.values(config.cameras).filter((cam) => {
+      if (!allowedCameras.includes(cam.name)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (selectedCams && !selectedCams.includes(cam.name)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    });

    return cameras.sort((a, b) => a.ui.order - b.ui.order);
-  }, [config, filter]);
+  }, [config, filter, allowedCameras]);

  const videoPlayersRef = useRef<{ [camera: string]: PreviewController }>({});
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	3d4dd3ac4b	allow non-admin users to send PTZ commands for cameras they have access to (#23578 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-06-27 15:55:39 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	933a7f1a3f	resolve the leaked Query default so media Cache-Control max-age is always a valid int (#23553 ) CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-06-24 07:57:46 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	4e5e8e3c59	Offload preview encoding and Plus upload off the API event loop (#23552 ) * offload preview ffmpeg encoding to a thread to avoid blocking the api event loop * offload Frigate+ recording snapshot upload to a thread to avoid blocking the api event loop	2026-06-24 07:17:23 -05:00
Nicolas MowenandGitHub	b3ce4486b9	Catch edge cases in security protections (#23493 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details * Fix go2rtc nested key dict * Don't allow path traversal	2026-06-16 08:07:12 -06:00
Nicolas MowenandGitHub	06e3d0ac5d	Chapter tweaks (#23440 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details * Add camera metadata and fix preview chapters * Add config option for chapters	2026-06-09 09:07:42 -06:00
Nicolas MowenandGitHub	28e3e1ec74	Add ability to control chapters set on MP4 Export (#23310 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-05-25 13:06:16 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	fa07109a85	filter motion review by allowed cameras (#23294 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-05-23 06:47:32 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	910059281f	update mask docs for more clarity (#23282 )	2026-05-21 14:00:46 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	ef44c18c07	Docs update (#23280 ) * stationary car detection troubleshooting tips * tweak	2026-05-21 09:04:41 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	06b059c36a	fix admin response cache leak to non-admin users via nginx proxy_cache (#23261 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-05-20 07:29:37 -05:00
Nicolas MowenandGitHub	26d31300e6	Add metadata for creation time to recording segments and exports (#23239 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-05-18 10:58:10 -05:00
Josh Hawkins GitHub Nicolas Mowen	0013555528	Fixes (#23235 ) * use stable empty object reference for swr metadata default * version bump * Refactor get_min_region_size for dimension normalization Refactor get_min_region_size to normalize dimensions for smaller models and ensure minimum region size is 320 for larger models. * reject restricted go2rtc stream sources when added via api * add env var check function * fix typing --------- Co-authored-by: Nicolas Mowen <nickmowen213@gmail.com>	2026-05-18 10:32:39 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	2cfb530dbf	fix yolonas colab notebook (#22936 ) CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-04-21 11:08:10 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	81b0d94793	fix broken docs links with hash fragments that resolve wrong on reload (#22925 )	2026-04-18 16:50:28 -06:00
Mark GitHub Nicolas Mowen Josh Hawkins	67837f61d0	Update restream.md docs and clarify output config (#22860 ) * Update restream.md Clarified that exec output must be put in curly braces ONLY in case of RTSP, not pipe, as per go2rtc docs. Added additional example use case for exec function (rpi5b cam set-up). * Cleanup Co-authored-by: Josh Hawkins <32435876+hawkeye217@users.noreply.github.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Nicolas Mowen <nickmowen213@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Josh Hawkins <32435876+hawkeye217@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-04-14 14:00:18 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	58c93c2e9e	clarify emergency cleanup (#22864 )	2026-04-13 07:07:09 -06:00
Abinila SivaandGitHub	6b71feffab	Memryx docs update (#22746 ) * docs: update MemryX documentation section * docs: update MemryX documentation section	2026-04-03 11:32:32 -06:00
Abinila SivaandGitHub	1c26bc289e	docs: update MemryX docs (#22712 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-03-31 12:22:23 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	0371b60c71	limit access to admin-only websocket topics for viewer users (#22710 )	2026-03-31 08:51:55 -05:00
Nicolas MowenandGitHub	01392e03ac	Update docs for DEIMv2 support (#22598 )	2026-03-23 16:16:54 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	416a9b7692	Validate preview filename and camera access (#22530 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details * validate preview filename and camera access * correctly handle camera names with dashes	2026-03-19 09:42:33 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	d11c26970d	Fix cross-camera auth in timeline and media endpoints (#22522 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Waiting to run Details CI / ARM Build (push) Waiting to run Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Waiting to run Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Blocked by required conditions Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Blocked by required conditions Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Blocked by required conditions Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Blocked by required conditions Details * Fix cross-camera authorization bypass in timeline and event media endpoints * formatting	2026-03-18 18:54:31 -06:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	e78da2758d	Restrict /api/config/raw to admin role to prevent credential leak to non-admin users (#22523 )	2026-03-18 16:14:59 -06:00
GuoQing LiuandGitHub	ae9b307dfc	docs: remove onvif host environment variable (#22517 ) * docs: remove onvif host environment variable * Update ONVIF configuration notes in reference.md	2026-03-18 09:54:26 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	01c16a9250	check for config update before state evaluation (#22495 ) CI / AMD64 Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Jetson Jetpack 6 (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / AMD64 Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Synaptics Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / ARM Extra Build (push) Has been cancelled Details CI / Assemble and push default build (push) Has been cancelled Details	2026-03-16 17:23:36 -05:00
Josh HawkinsandGitHub	d4731c1dea	don't try to run cleanup if frigate is in safe mode (#22492 )	2026-03-16 13:38:24 -06:00