Merge branch 'onvif-configs-checks' of https://github.com/hawkeye217/frigate into onvif-configs-checks

2026-02-08 12:15:25 +03:00 · 2024-02-03 12:56:57 -06:00 · 2024-02-03 12:56:57 -06:00 · 64ad71acf0
commit 64ad71acf0
parent 713b722cf6 ee6cc7c79e
345 changed files with 33269 additions and 12173 deletions
--- a/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
+++ b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  "features": {
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/common-utils:1": {}
  },
-  "forwardPorts": [5000, 5001, 5173, 1935, 8554, 8555],
+  "forwardPorts": [5000, 5001, 5173, 8554, 8555],
  "portsAttributes": {
    "5000": {
      "label": "NGINX",
@ -24,10 +24,6 @@
      "label": "Vite Server",
      "onAutoForward": "silent"
    },
-    "1935": {
-      "label": "RTMP",
-      "onAutoForward": "silent"
-    },
    "8554": {
      "label": "gortc RTSP",
      "onAutoForward": "silent"
--- a/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml
@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ jobs:
          node-version: 16.x
      - run: npm install
        working-directory: ./web
-      - name: Lint
-        run: npm run lint
-        working-directory: ./web
+      # - name: Lint
+      #   run: npm run lint
+      #   working-directory: ./web

  web_test:
    name: Web - Test
@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@master
        with:
-          node-version: 16.x
+          node-version: 20.x
      - run: npm install
        working-directory: ./web
-      - name: Test
-        run: npm run test
-        working-directory: ./web
+      # - name: Test
+      #   run: npm run test
+      #   working-directory: ./web

  python_checks:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ config/*
 !config/*.example
 models
 *.mp4
-*.ts
 *.db
 *.csv
 frigate/version.py
--- a/docker/main/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/main/Dockerfile
@ -191,7 +191,6 @@ COPY --from=deps-rootfs / /
 RUN ldconfig

 EXPOSE 5000
-EXPOSE 1935
 EXPOSE 8554
 EXPOSE 8555/tcp 8555/udp

@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ CMD ["sleep", "infinity"]

 # Frigate web build
 # This should be architecture agnostic, so speed up the build on multiarch by not using QEMU.
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM node:16 AS web-build
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM node:20 AS web-build

 WORKDIR /work
 COPY web/package.json web/package-lock.json ./
--- a/docker/main/build_nginx.sh
+++ b/docker/main/build_nginx.sh
@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ set -euxo pipefail
 NGINX_VERSION="1.25.3"
 VOD_MODULE_VERSION="1.31"
 SECURE_TOKEN_MODULE_VERSION="1.5"
-RTMP_MODULE_VERSION="1.2.2"

 cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sources-src.list
 sed -i 's|deb http|deb-src http|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sources-src.list
@ -49,10 +48,6 @@ mkdir /tmp/nginx-secure-token-module
 wget https://github.com/kaltura/nginx-secure-token-module/archive/refs/tags/${SECURE_TOKEN_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz
 tar -zxf ${SECURE_TOKEN_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz -C /tmp/nginx-secure-token-module --strip-components=1
 rm ${SECURE_TOKEN_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz
-mkdir /tmp/nginx-rtmp-module
-wget -nv https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/refs/tags/v${RTMP_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz
-tar -zxf v${RTMP_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz -C /tmp/nginx-rtmp-module --strip-components=1
-rm v${RTMP_MODULE_VERSION}.tar.gz

 cd /tmp/nginx

@ -63,7 +58,6 @@ cd /tmp/nginx
    --with-threads \
    --add-module=../nginx-vod-module \
    --add-module=../nginx-secure-token-module \
-    --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module \
    --with-cc-opt="-O3 -Wno-error=implicit-fallthrough"

 make CC="ccache gcc" -j$(nproc) && make install
--- a/docker/main/requirements-wheels.txt
+++ b/docker/main/requirements-wheels.txt
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ numpy == 1.23.*
 onvif_zeep == 0.2.12
 opencv-python-headless == 4.7.0.*
 paho-mqtt == 1.6.*
+pandas == 2.1.4
 peewee == 3.17.*
 peewee_migrate == 1.12.*
 psutil == 5.9.*
--- a/docker/main/rootfs/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
+++ b/docker/main/rootfs/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
@ -277,18 +277,3 @@ http {
        }
    }
 }
-
-rtmp {
-    server {
-        listen 1935;
-        chunk_size 4096;
-        allow publish 127.0.0.1;
-        deny publish all;
-        allow play all;
-        application live {
-            live on;
-            record off;
-            meta copy;
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/docs/docs/configuration/camera_specific.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/camera_specific.md
@ -69,16 +69,12 @@ cameras:
    ffmpeg:
      output_args:
        record: -f segment -segment_time 10 -segment_format mp4 -reset_timestamps 1 -strftime 1 -c:v copy -tag:v hvc1 -bsf:v hevc_mp4toannexb -c:a aac
-        rtmp: -c:v copy -c:a aac -f flv

      inputs:
        - path: rtsp://user:password@camera-ip:554/H264/ch1/main/av_stream # <----- Update for your camera
          roles:
            - detect
            - record
-            - rtmp
-    rtmp:
-      enabled: False # <-- RTMP should be disabled if your stream is not H264
    detect:
      width: # <- optional, by default Frigate tries to automatically detect resolution
      height: # <- optional, by default Frigate tries to automatically detect resolution
@ -181,13 +177,12 @@ go2rtc:

 [See the go2rtc docs for more information](https://github.com/AlexxIT/go2rtc/tree/v1.8.4#source-rtsp)

-In the Unifi 2.0 update Unifi Protect Cameras had a change in audio sample rate which causes issues for ffmpeg. The input rate needs to be set for record and rtmp if used directly with unifi protect.
+In the Unifi 2.0 update Unifi Protect Cameras had a change in audio sample rate which causes issues for ffmpeg. The input rate needs to be set for record if used directly with unifi protect.

 ```yaml
 ffmpeg:
  output_args:
    record: preset-record-ubiquiti
-    rtmp: preset-rtmp-ubiquiti # recommend using go2rtc instead
 ```

 ### TP-Link VIGI Cameras
--- a/docs/docs/configuration/cameras.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/cameras.md
@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ Each role can only be assigned to one input per camera. The options for roles ar
 | `detect` | Main feed for object detection. [docs](object_detectors.md)                              |
 | `record` | Saves segments of the video feed based on configuration settings. [docs](record.md)      |
 | `audio`  | Feed for audio based detection. [docs](audio_detectors.md)                               |
-| `rtmp`   | Deprecated: Broadcast as an RTMP feed for other services to consume. [docs](restream.md) |

 ```yaml
 mqtt:
@ -29,7 +28,6 @@ cameras:
        - path: rtsp://viewer:{FRIGATE_RTSP_PASSWORD}@10.0.10.10:554/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&subtype=2
          roles:
            - detect
-            - rtmp # <- deprecated, recommend using restream instead
        - path: rtsp://viewer:{FRIGATE_RTSP_PASSWORD}@10.0.10.10:554/live
          roles:
            - record
--- a/docs/docs/configuration/ffmpeg_presets.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/ffmpeg_presets.md
@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ See [the hwaccel docs](/configuration/hardware_acceleration.md) for more info on
 | preset-vaapi          | Intel & AMD VAAPI              | Check hwaccel docs to ensure correct driver is chosen |
 | preset-intel-qsv-h264 | Intel QSV with h264 stream     | If issues occur recommend using vaapi preset instead  |
 | preset-intel-qsv-h265 | Intel QSV with h265 stream     | If issues occur recommend using vaapi preset instead  |
-| preset-nvidia-h264    | Nvidia GPU with h264 stream    |                                                       |
-| preset-nvidia-h265    | Nvidia GPU with h265 stream    |                                                       |
-| preset-nvidia-mjpeg   | Nvidia GPU with mjpeg stream   | Recommend restreaming mjpeg and using nvidia-h264     |
+| preset-nvidia         | Nvidia GPU                     |                                                       |
 | preset-jetson-h264    | Nvidia Jetson with h264 stream |                                                       |
 | preset-jetson-h265    | Nvidia Jetson with h265 stream |                                                       |
 | preset-rk-h264        | Rockchip MPP with h264 stream  | Use image with *-rk suffix and privileged mode        |
--- a/docs/docs/configuration/hardware_acceleration.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/hardware_acceleration.md
@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ title: Hardware Acceleration

 # Hardware Acceleration

-It is recommended to update your configuration to enable hardware accelerated decoding in ffmpeg. Depending on your system, these parameters may not be compatible. More information on hardware accelerated decoding for ffmpeg can be found here: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/HWAccelIntro
+It is highly recommended to use a GPU for hardware acceleration in Frigate. Some types of hardware acceleration are detected and used automatically, but you may need to update your configuration to enable hardware accelerated decoding in ffmpeg.
+
+Depending on your system, these parameters may not be compatible. More information on hardware accelerated decoding for ffmpeg can be found here: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/HWAccelIntro

 # Officially Supported

--- a/docs/docs/configuration/reference.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/reference.md
@ -151,9 +151,9 @@ birdseye:
 ffmpeg:
  # Optional: global ffmpeg args (default: shown below)
  global_args: -hide_banner -loglevel warning -threads 2
-  # Optional: global hwaccel args (default: shown below)
+  # Optional: global hwaccel args (default: auto detect)
  # NOTE: See hardware acceleration docs for your specific device
-  hwaccel_args: []
+  hwaccel_args: "auto"
  # Optional: global input args (default: shown below)
  input_args: preset-rtsp-generic
  # Optional: global output args
@ -162,8 +162,6 @@ ffmpeg:
    detect: -threads 2 -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p
    # Optional: output args for record streams (default: shown below)
    record: preset-record-generic
-    # Optional: output args for rtmp streams (default: shown below)
-    rtmp: preset-rtmp-generic
  # Optional: Time in seconds to wait before ffmpeg retries connecting to the camera. (default: shown below)
  # If set too low, frigate will retry a connection to the camera's stream too frequently, using up the limited streams some cameras can allow at once
  # If set too high, then if a ffmpeg crash or camera stream timeout occurs, you could potentially lose up to a maximum of retry_interval second(s) of footage
@ -325,6 +323,11 @@ record:
    # The -r (framerate) dictates how smooth the output video is.
    # So the args would be -vf setpts=0.02*PTS -r 30 in that case.
    timelapse_args: "-vf setpts=0.04*PTS -r 30"
+  # Optional: Recording Preview Settings
+  preview:
+    # Optional: Quality of recording preview (default: shown below).
+    # Options are: very_low, low, medium, high, very_high
+    quality: medium
  # Optional: Event recording settings
  events:
    # Optional: Number of seconds before the event to include (default: shown below)
@ -381,13 +384,6 @@ snapshots:
  # Optional: quality of the encoded jpeg, 0-100 (default: shown below)
  quality: 70

-# Optional: RTMP configuration
-# NOTE: RTMP is deprecated in favor of restream
-# NOTE: Can be overridden at the camera level
-rtmp:
-  # Optional: Enable the RTMP stream (default: False)
-  enabled: False
-
 # Optional: Restream configuration
 # Uses https://github.com/AlexxIT/go2rtc (v1.8.3)
 go2rtc:
@ -444,14 +440,13 @@ cameras:
        # Required: the path to the stream
        # NOTE: path may include environment variables or docker secrets, which must begin with 'FRIGATE_' and be referenced in {}
        - path: rtsp://viewer:{FRIGATE_RTSP_PASSWORD}@10.0.10.10:554/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&subtype=2
-          # Required: list of roles for this stream. valid values are: audio,detect,record,rtmp
-          # NOTICE: In addition to assigning the audio, record, and rtmp roles,
+          # Required: list of roles for this stream. valid values are: audio,detect,record
+          # NOTICE: In addition to assigning the audio, detect, and record roles
          # they must also be enabled in the camera config.
          roles:
            - audio
            - detect
            - record
-            - rtmp
          # Optional: stream specific global args (default: inherit)
          # global_args:
          # Optional: stream specific hwaccel args (default: inherit)
--- a/docs/docs/configuration/restream.md
+++ b/docs/docs/configuration/restream.md
@ -38,10 +38,6 @@ go2rtc:

 **NOTE:** This does not apply to localhost requests, there is no need to provide credentials when using the restream as a source for frigate cameras.

-## RTMP (Deprecated)
-
-In previous Frigate versions RTMP was used for re-streaming. RTMP has disadvantages however including being incompatible with H.265, high bitrates, and certain audio codecs. RTMP is deprecated and it is recommended use the built in go2rtc config for restreaming.
-
 ## Reduce Connections To Camera

 Some cameras only support one active connection or you may just want to have a single connection open to the camera. The RTSP restream allows this to be possible.
--- a/docs/docs/frigate/installation.md
+++ b/docs/docs/frigate/installation.md
@ -295,7 +295,6 @@ docker run \
  --network=bridge \
  --privileged \
  --workdir=/opt/frigate \
-  -p 1935:1935 \
  -p 5000:5000 \
  -p 8554:8554 \
  -p 8555:8555 \
--- a/docs/docs/guides/configuring_go2rtc.md
+++ b/docs/docs/guides/configuring_go2rtc.md
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Use of the bundled go2rtc is optional. You can still configure FFmpeg to connect

 - WebRTC or MSE for live viewing with higher resolutions and frame rates than the jsmpeg stream which is limited to the detect stream
 - Live stream support for cameras in Home Assistant Integration
- RTSP (instead of RTMP) relay for use with other consumers to reduce the number of connections to your camera streams
+- RTSP relay for use with other consumers to reduce the number of connections to your camera streams

 # Setup a go2rtc stream

--- a/docs/docs/integrations/home-assistant.md
+++ b/docs/docs/integrations/home-assistant.md
@ -124,10 +124,6 @@ https://HA_URL/api/frigate/notifications/<event-id>/clip.mp4

 <a name="streams"></a>

-## RTMP stream
-
-RTMP is deprecated and it is recommended to switch to use RTSP restreams.
-
 ## RTSP stream

 In order for the live streams to function they need to be accessible on the RTSP
--- a/frigate/app.py
+++ b/frigate/app.py
@ -37,10 +37,17 @@ from frigate.events.external import ExternalEventProcessor
 from frigate.events.maintainer import EventProcessor
 from frigate.http import create_app
 from frigate.log import log_process, root_configurer
-from frigate.models import Event, Recordings, RecordingsToDelete, Regions, Timeline
+from frigate.models import (
+    Event,
+    Previews,
+    Recordings,
+    RecordingsToDelete,
+    Regions,
+    Timeline,
+)
 from frigate.object_detection import ObjectDetectProcess
 from frigate.object_processing import TrackedObjectProcessor
-from frigate.output import output_frames
+from frigate.output.output import output_frames
 from frigate.plus import PlusApi
 from frigate.ptz.autotrack import PtzAutoTrackerThread
 from frigate.ptz.onvif import OnvifController
@ -369,7 +376,7 @@ class FrigateApp:
                60, 10 * len([c for c in self.config.cameras.values() if c.enabled])
            ),
        )
-        models = [Event, Recordings, RecordingsToDelete, Regions, Timeline]
+        models = [Event, Recordings, RecordingsToDelete, Previews, Regions, Timeline]
        self.db.bind(models)

    def init_stats(self) -> None:
@ -488,6 +495,7 @@ class FrigateApp:
            args=(
                self.config,
                self.video_output_queue,
+                self.inter_process_queue,
                self.camera_metrics,
            ),
        )
--- a/frigate/comms/dispatcher.py
+++ b/frigate/comms/dispatcher.py
@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from typing import Any, Callable

 from frigate.config import BirdseyeModeEnum, FrigateConfig
-from frigate.const import INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS, REQUEST_REGION_GRID
-from frigate.models import Recordings
+from frigate.const import INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS, INSERT_PREVIEW, REQUEST_REGION_GRID
+from frigate.models import Previews, Recordings
 from frigate.ptz.onvif import OnvifCommandEnum, OnvifController
 from frigate.types import CameraMetricsTypes, FeatureMetricsTypes, PTZMetricsTypes
 from frigate.util.object import get_camera_regions_grid
@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ class Dispatcher:
                    max(self.config.model.width, self.config.model.height),
                )
            )
+        elif topic == INSERT_PREVIEW:
+            Previews.insert(payload).execute()
        else:
            self.publish(topic, payload, retain=False)

--- a/frigate/config.py
+++ b/frigate/config.py
@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ from frigate.ffmpeg_presets import (
    parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_scale,
    parse_preset_input,
    parse_preset_output_record,
-    parse_preset_output_rtmp,
 )
 from frigate.plus import PlusApi
 from frigate.util.builtin import (
@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ from frigate.util.builtin import (
    load_config_with_no_duplicates,
 )
 from frigate.util.image import create_mask
-from frigate.util.services import get_video_properties
+from frigate.util.services import auto_detect_hwaccel, get_video_properties

 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

@ -260,6 +259,20 @@ class RecordExportConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    )


+class RecordQualityEnum(str, Enum):
+    very_low = "very_low"
+    low = "low"
+    medium = "medium"
+    high = "high"
+    very_high = "very_high"
+
+
+class RecordPreviewConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
+    quality: RecordQualityEnum = Field(
+        default=RecordQualityEnum.medium, title="Quality of recording preview."
+    )
+
+
 class RecordConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    enabled: bool = Field(default=False, title="Enable record on all cameras.")
    sync_recordings: bool = Field(
@ -278,6 +291,9 @@ class RecordConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    export: RecordExportConfig = Field(
        default_factory=RecordExportConfig, title="Recording Export Config"
    )
+    preview: RecordPreviewConfig = Field(
+        default_factory=RecordPreviewConfig, title="Recording Preview Config"
+    )
    enabled_in_config: Optional[bool] = Field(
        title="Keep track of original state of recording."
    )
@ -565,7 +581,6 @@ DETECT_FFMPEG_OUTPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT = [
    "-pix_fmt",
    "yuv420p",
 ]
-RTMP_FFMPEG_OUTPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT = "preset-rtmp-generic"
 RECORD_FFMPEG_OUTPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT = "preset-record-generic"


@ -578,10 +593,6 @@ class FfmpegOutputArgsConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
        default=RECORD_FFMPEG_OUTPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT,
        title="Record role FFmpeg output arguments.",
    )
-    rtmp: Union[str, List[str]] = Field(
-        default=RTMP_FFMPEG_OUTPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT,
-        title="RTMP role FFmpeg output arguments.",
-    )


 class FfmpegConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
@ -589,7 +600,7 @@ class FfmpegConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
        default=FFMPEG_GLOBAL_ARGS_DEFAULT, title="Global FFmpeg arguments."
    )
    hwaccel_args: Union[str, List[str]] = Field(
-        default_factory=list, title="FFmpeg hardware acceleration arguments."
+        default="auto", title="FFmpeg hardware acceleration arguments."
    )
    input_args: Union[str, List[str]] = Field(
        default=FFMPEG_INPUT_ARGS_DEFAULT, title="FFmpeg input arguments."
@ -607,7 +618,6 @@ class FfmpegConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
 class CameraRoleEnum(str, Enum):
    audio = "audio"
    record = "record"
-    rtmp = "rtmp"
    detect = "detect"


@ -716,10 +726,6 @@ class CameraMqttConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    )


-class RtmpConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
-    enabled: bool = Field(default=False, title="RTMP restreaming enabled.")
-
-
 class CameraLiveConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    stream_name: str = Field(default="", title="Name of restream to use as live view.")
    height: int = Field(default=720, title="Live camera view height")
@ -755,9 +761,6 @@ class CameraConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    record: RecordConfig = Field(
        default_factory=RecordConfig, title="Record configuration."
    )
-    rtmp: RtmpConfig = Field(
-        default_factory=RtmpConfig, title="RTMP restreaming configuration."
-    )
    live: CameraLiveConfig = Field(
        default_factory=CameraLiveConfig, title="Live playback settings."
    )
@ -802,7 +805,6 @@ class CameraConfig(FrigateBaseModel):

        # add roles to the input if there is only one
        if len(config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"]) == 1:
-            has_rtmp = "rtmp" in config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"][0].get("roles", [])
            has_audio = "audio" in config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"][0].get("roles", [])

            config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"][0]["roles"] = [
@ -813,9 +815,6 @@ class CameraConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
            if has_audio:
                config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"][0]["roles"].append("audio")

-            if has_rtmp:
-                config["ffmpeg"]["inputs"][0]["roles"].append("rtmp")
-
        super().__init__(**config)

    @property
@ -855,15 +854,7 @@ class CameraConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
            )

            ffmpeg_output_args = scale_detect_args + ffmpeg_output_args + ["pipe:"]
-        if "rtmp" in ffmpeg_input.roles and self.rtmp.enabled:
-            rtmp_args = get_ffmpeg_arg_list(
-                parse_preset_output_rtmp(self.ffmpeg.output_args.rtmp)
-                or self.ffmpeg.output_args.rtmp
-            )

-            ffmpeg_output_args = (
-                rtmp_args + [f"rtmp://127.0.0.1/live/{self.name}"] + ffmpeg_output_args
-            )
        if "record" in ffmpeg_input.roles and self.record.enabled:
            record_args = get_ffmpeg_arg_list(
                parse_preset_output_record(self.ffmpeg.output_args.record)
@ -950,11 +941,6 @@ def verify_config_roles(camera_config: CameraConfig) -> None:
            f"Camera {camera_config.name} has record enabled, but record is not assigned to an input."
        )

-    if camera_config.rtmp.enabled and "rtmp" not in assigned_roles:
-        raise ValueError(
-            f"Camera {camera_config.name} has rtmp enabled, but rtmp is not assigned to an input."
-        )
-
    if camera_config.audio.enabled and "audio" not in assigned_roles:
        raise ValueError(
            f"Camera {camera_config.name} has audio events enabled, but audio is not assigned to an input."
@ -1065,9 +1051,6 @@ class FrigateConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
    snapshots: SnapshotsConfig = Field(
        default_factory=SnapshotsConfig, title="Global snapshots configuration."
    )
-    rtmp: RtmpConfig = Field(
-        default_factory=RtmpConfig, title="Global RTMP restreaming configuration."
-    )
    live: CameraLiveConfig = Field(
        default_factory=CameraLiveConfig, title="Live playback settings."
    )
@ -1114,6 +1097,10 @@ class FrigateConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
            elif config.objects.filters[attribute].min_score == 0.5:
                config.objects.filters[attribute].min_score = 0.7

+        # auto detect hwaccel args
+        if config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args == "auto":
+            config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args = auto_detect_hwaccel()
+
        # Global config to propagate down to camera level
        global_config = config.dict(
            include={
@ -1121,7 +1108,6 @@ class FrigateConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
                "birdseye": ...,
                "record": ...,
                "snapshots": ...,
-                "rtmp": ...,
                "live": ...,
                "objects": ...,
                "motion": ...,
@ -1138,6 +1124,9 @@ class FrigateConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
                {"name": name, **merged_config}
            )

+            if camera_config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args == "auto":
+                camera_config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args = config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args
+
            if (
                camera_config.detect.height is None
                or camera_config.detect.width is None
@ -1255,11 +1244,6 @@ class FrigateConfig(FrigateBaseModel):
            verify_zone_objects_are_tracked(camera_config)
            verify_autotrack_zones(camera_config)

-            if camera_config.rtmp.enabled:
-                logger.warning(
-                    "RTMP restream is deprecated in favor of the restream role, recommend disabling RTMP."
-                )
-
            # generate the ffmpeg commands
            camera_config.create_ffmpeg_cmds()
            config.cameras[name] = camera_config
--- a/frigate/const.py
+++ b/frigate/const.py
@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ AUDIO_MAX_BIT_RANGE = 32768.0
 AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE = 16000
 AUDIO_MIN_CONFIDENCE = 0.5

+# Ffmpeg Presets
+
+FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA = "preset-nvidia"
+FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI = "preset-vaapi"
+
 # Regex Consts

 REGEX_CAMERA_NAME = r"^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$"
@ -59,6 +64,7 @@ MAX_PLAYLIST_SECONDS = 7200  # support 2 hour segments for a single playlist to
 # Internal Comms Topics

 INSERT_MANY_RECORDINGS = "insert_many_recordings"
+INSERT_PREVIEW = "insert_preview"
 REQUEST_REGION_GRID = "request_region_grid"

 # Autotracking
@ -67,6 +73,6 @@ AUTOTRACKING_MAX_AREA_RATIO = 0.6
 AUTOTRACKING_MOTION_MIN_DISTANCE = 20
 AUTOTRACKING_MOTION_MAX_POINTS = 500
 AUTOTRACKING_MAX_MOVE_METRICS = 500
-AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_OUT_HYSTERESIS = 1.2
-AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_IN_HYSTERESIS = 0.9
+AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_OUT_HYSTERESIS = 1.1
+AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_IN_HYSTERESIS = 0.95
 AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD = 0.05
--- a/frigate/events/external.py
+++ b/frigate/events/external.py
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class ExternalEventProcessor:
            (
                EventTypeEnum.api,
                "new",
-                camera_config,
+                camera,
                {
                    "id": event_id,
                    "label": label,
--- a/frigate/events/maintainer.py
+++ b/frigate/events/maintainer.py
@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ def should_update_state(prev_event: Event, current_event: Event) -> bool:
    if prev_event["attributes"] != current_event["attributes"]:
        return True

+    if prev_event["sub_label"] != current_event["sub_label"]:
+        return True
+
+    if len(prev_event["current_zones"]) < len(current_event["current_zones"]):
+        return True
+
    return False


@ -103,6 +109,16 @@ class EventProcessor(threading.Thread):

                self.handle_object_detection(event_type, camera, event_data)
            elif source_type == EventTypeEnum.api:
+                self.timeline_queue.put(
+                    (
+                        camera,
+                        source_type,
+                        event_type,
+                        {},
+                        event_data,
+                    )
+                )
+
                self.handle_external_detection(event_type, event_data)

        # set an end_time on events without an end_time before exiting
--- a/frigate/ffmpeg_presets.py
+++ b/frigate/ffmpeg_presets.py
@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import os
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any

+from frigate.const import FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA, FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI
 from frigate.util.services import vainfo_hwaccel
 from frigate.version import VERSION

@ -42,6 +43,11 @@ class LibvaGpuSelector:
        return ""


+FPS_VFR_PARAM = (
+    "-fps_mode vfr"
+    if int(os.getenv("LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_MAJOR", "59")) >= 59
+    else "-vsync 2"
+)
 TIMEOUT_PARAM = (
    "-timeout"
    if int(os.getenv("LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_MAJOR", "59")) >= 59
@ -57,55 +63,72 @@ _user_agent_args = [
 PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE = {
    "preset-rpi-64-h264": "-c:v:1 h264_v4l2m2m",
    "preset-rpi-64-h265": "-c:v:1 hevc_v4l2m2m",
-    "preset-vaapi": f"-hwaccel_flags allow_profile_mismatch -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_device {_gpu_selector.get_selected_gpu()} -hwaccel_output_format vaapi",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI: f"-hwaccel_flags allow_profile_mismatch -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_device {_gpu_selector.get_selected_gpu()} -hwaccel_output_format vaapi",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h264": f"-hwaccel qsv -qsv_device {_gpu_selector.get_selected_gpu()} -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h265": f"-load_plugin hevc_hw -hwaccel qsv -qsv_device {_gpu_selector.get_selected_gpu()} -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v hevc_qsv",
-    "preset-nvidia-h264": "-hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda",
-    "preset-nvidia-h265": "-hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda",
-    "preset-nvidia-mjpeg": "-hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA: "-hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda",
    "preset-jetson-h264": "-c:v h264_nvmpi -resize {1}x{2}",
    "preset-jetson-h265": "-c:v hevc_nvmpi -resize {1}x{2}",
    "preset-rk-h264": "-c:v h264_rkmpp_decoder",
    "preset-rk-h265": "-c:v hevc_rkmpp_decoder",
 }
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE["preset-nvidia-h264"] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE[
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+]
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE["preset-nvidia-h265"] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE[
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+]
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE["preset-nvidia-mjpeg"] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_DECODE[
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+]

 PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_SCALE = {
    "preset-rpi-64-h264": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale={1}:{2}",
    "preset-rpi-64-h265": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale={1}:{2}",
-    "preset-vaapi": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale_vaapi=w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI: "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale_vaapi=w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h264": "-r {0} -vf vpp_qsv=framerate={0}:w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h265": "-r {0} -vf vpp_qsv=framerate={0}:w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
-    "preset-nvidia-h264": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale_cuda=w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
-    "preset-nvidia-h265": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale_cuda=w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA: "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale_cuda=w={1}:h={2}:format=nv12,hwdownload,format=nv12,format=yuv420p",
    "preset-jetson-h264": "-r {0}",  # scaled in decoder
    "preset-jetson-h265": "-r {0}",  # scaled in decoder
    "preset-rk-h264": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale={1}:{2}",
    "preset-rk-h265": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale={1}:{2}",
    "default": "-r {0} -vf fps={0},scale={1}:{2}",
 }
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_SCALE["preset-nvidia-h264"] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_SCALE[
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+]
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_SCALE["preset-nvidia-h265"] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_SCALE[
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+]

 PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE = {
    "preset-rpi-64-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_v4l2m2m {1}",
    "preset-rpi-64-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_v4l2m2m {1}",
-    "preset-vaapi": "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_output_format vaapi -hwaccel_device {2} {0} -c:v h264_vaapi -g 50 -bf 0 -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -sei:v 0 -an -vf format=vaapi|nv12,hwupload {1}",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI: "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_output_format vaapi -hwaccel_device {2} {0} -c:v h264_vaapi -g 50 -bf 0 -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -sei:v 0 -an -vf format=vaapi|nv12,hwupload {1}",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_qsv -g 50 -bf 0 -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -async_depth:v 1 {1}",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_qsv -g 50 -bf 0 -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -async_depth:v 1 {1}",
-    "preset-nvidia-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvenc -g 50 -profile:v high -level:v auto -preset:v p2 -tune:v ll {1}",
-    "preset-nvidia-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvenc -g 50 -profile:v high -level:v auto -preset:v p2 -tune:v ll {1}",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA: "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvenc -g 50 -profile:v high -level:v auto -preset:v p2 -tune:v ll {1}",
    "preset-jetson-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvmpi -profile high {1}",
    "preset-jetson-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvmpi -profile high {1}",
    "preset-rk-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_rkmpp_encoder -profile high {1}",
    "preset-rk-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_rkmpp_encoder -profile high {1}",
    "default": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v libx264 -g 50 -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -preset:v superfast -tune:v zerolatency {1}",
 }
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE[
+    "preset-nvidia-h264"
+] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE[FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA]
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE[
+    "preset-nvidia-h265"
+] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE[FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA]

 PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_TIMELAPSE = {
    "preset-rpi-64-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_v4l2m2m -pix_fmt yuv420p {1}",
    "preset-rpi-64-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_v4l2m2m -pix_fmt yuv420p {1}",
-    "preset-vaapi": "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_output_format vaapi -hwaccel_device {2} {0} -c:v h264_vaapi {1}",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI: "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel vaapi -hwaccel_output_format vaapi -hwaccel_device {2} {0} -c:v h264_vaapi {1}",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_qsv -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -async_depth:v 1 {1}",
    "preset-intel-qsv-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_qsv -profile:v high -level:v 4.1 -async_depth:v 1 {1}",
-    "preset-nvidia-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -extra_hw_frames 8 {0} -c:v h264_nvenc {1}",
+    FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA: "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -extra_hw_frames 8 {0} -c:v h264_nvenc {1}",
    "preset-nvidia-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -extra_hw_frames 8 {0} -c:v hevc_nvenc {1}",
    "preset-jetson-h264": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v h264_nvmpi -profile high {1}",
    "preset-jetson-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_nvmpi -profile high {1}",
@ -113,6 +136,14 @@ PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_TIMELAPSE = {
    "preset-rk-h265": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v hevc_rkmpp_encoder -profile high {1}",
    "default": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v libx264 -preset:v ultrafast -tune:v zerolatency {1}",
 }
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_TIMELAPSE[
+    "preset-nvidia-h264"
+] = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_TIMELAPSE[FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA]
+
+# encoding of previews is only done on CPU due to comparable encode times and better quality from libx264
+PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_PREVIEW = {
+    "default": "ffmpeg -hide_banner {0} -c:v libx264 -profile:v baseline -preset:v ultrafast {1}",
+}


 def parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_decode(
@ -153,6 +184,7 @@ def parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_scale(

 class EncodeTypeEnum(str, Enum):
    birdseye = "birdseye"
+    preview = "preview"
    timelapse = "timelapse"


@ -162,6 +194,8 @@ def parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_encode(
    """Return the correct scaling preset or default preset if none is set."""
    if type == EncodeTypeEnum.birdseye:
        arg_map = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_BIRDSEYE
+    elif type == EncodeTypeEnum.preview:
+        arg_map = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_PREVIEW
    elif type == EncodeTypeEnum.timelapse:
        arg_map = PRESETS_HW_ACCEL_ENCODE_TIMELAPSE

@ -433,28 +467,3 @@ def parse_preset_output_record(arg: Any) -> list[str]:
        return None

    return PRESETS_RECORD_OUTPUT.get(arg, None)
-
-
-PRESETS_RTMP_OUTPUT = {
-    "preset-rtmp-generic": ["-c", "copy", "-f", "flv"],
-    "preset-rtmp-mjpeg": ["-c:v", "libx264", "-an", "-f", "flv"],
-    "preset-rtmp-jpeg": ["-c:v", "libx264", "-an", "-f", "flv"],
-    "preset-rtmp-ubiquiti": [
-        "-c:v",
-        "copy",
-        "-f",
-        "flv",
-        "-ar",
-        "44100",
-        "-c:a",
-        "aac",
-    ],
-}
-
-
-def parse_preset_output_rtmp(arg: Any) -> list[str]:
-    """Return the correct preset if in preset format otherwise return None."""
-    if not isinstance(arg, str):
-        return None
-
-    return PRESETS_RTMP_OUTPUT.get(arg, None)
--- a/frigate/http.py
+++ b/frigate/http.py
@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import re
 import subprocess as sp
 import time
 import traceback
+from collections import defaultdict
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from functools import reduce
 from pathlib import Path
@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ from urllib.parse import unquote

 import cv2
 import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
 import pytz
 import requests
 from flask import (
@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ from frigate.const import (
    RECORD_DIR,
 )
 from frigate.events.external import ExternalEventProcessor
-from frigate.models import Event, Recordings, Regions, Timeline
+from frigate.models import Event, Previews, Recordings, Regions, Timeline
 from frigate.object_processing import TrackedObject
 from frigate.plus import PlusApi
 from frigate.ptz.onvif import OnvifController
@ -389,6 +391,17 @@ def set_sub_label(id):
    new_sub_label = json.get("subLabel")
    new_score = json.get("subLabelScore")

+    if new_sub_label is None:
+        return make_response(
+            jsonify(
+                {
+                    "success": False,
+                    "message": "A sub label must be supplied",
+                }
+            ),
+            400,
+        )
+
    if new_sub_label and len(new_sub_label) > 100:
        return make_response(
            jsonify(
@ -414,6 +427,7 @@ def set_sub_label(id):
        )

    if not event.end_time:
+        # update tracked object
        tracked_obj: TrackedObject = (
            current_app.detected_frames_processor.camera_states[
                event.camera
@ -423,6 +437,11 @@ def set_sub_label(id):
        if tracked_obj:
            tracked_obj.obj_data["sub_label"] = (new_sub_label, new_score)

+        # update timeline items
+        Timeline.update(
+            data=Timeline.data.update({"sub_label": (new_sub_label, new_score)})
+        ).where(Timeline.source_id == id).execute()
+
    event.sub_label = new_sub_label

    if new_score:
@ -611,6 +630,189 @@ def timeline():
    return jsonify([t for t in timeline])


+@bp.route("/timeline/hourly")
+def hourly_timeline():
+    """Get hourly summary for timeline."""
+    cameras = request.args.get("cameras", "all")
+    labels = request.args.get("labels", "all")
+    before = request.args.get("before", type=float)
+    after = request.args.get("after", type=float)
+    limit = request.args.get("limit", 200)
+    tz_name = request.args.get("timezone", default="utc", type=str)
+
+    _, minute_modifier, _ = get_tz_modifiers(tz_name)
+    minute_offset = int(minute_modifier.split(" ")[0])
+
+    clauses = []
+
+    if cameras != "all":
+        camera_list = cameras.split(",")
+        clauses.append((Timeline.camera << camera_list))
+
+    if labels != "all":
+        label_list = labels.split(",")
+        clauses.append((Timeline.data["label"] << label_list))
+
+    if before:
+        clauses.append((Timeline.timestamp < before))
+
+    if after:
+        clauses.append((Timeline.timestamp > after))
+
+    if len(clauses) == 0:
+        clauses.append((True))
+
+    timeline = (
+        Timeline.select(
+            Timeline.camera,
+            Timeline.timestamp,
+            Timeline.data,
+            Timeline.class_type,
+            Timeline.source_id,
+            Timeline.source,
+        )
+        .where(reduce(operator.and_, clauses))
+        .order_by(Timeline.timestamp.desc())
+        .limit(limit)
+        .dicts()
+        .iterator()
+    )
+
+    count = 0
+    start = 0
+    end = 0
+    hours: dict[str, list[dict[str, any]]] = {}
+
+    for t in timeline:
+        if count == 0:
+            start = t["timestamp"]
+        else:
+            end = t["timestamp"]
+
+        count += 1
+
+        hour = (
+            datetime.fromtimestamp(t["timestamp"]).replace(
+                minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0
+            )
+            + timedelta(
+                minutes=minute_offset,
+            )
+        ).timestamp()
+        if hour not in hours:
+            hours[hour] = [t]
+        else:
+            hours[hour].insert(0, t)
+
+    return jsonify(
+        {
+            "start": start,
+            "end": end,
+            "count": count,
+            "hours": hours,
+        }
+    )
+
+
+@bp.route("/<camera_name>/recording/hourly/activity")
+def hourly_timeline_activity(camera_name: str):
+    """Get hourly summary for timeline."""
+    if camera_name not in current_app.frigate_config.cameras:
+        return make_response(
+            jsonify({"success": False, "message": "Camera not found"}),
+            404,
+        )
+
+    before = request.args.get("before", type=float, default=datetime.now())
+    after = request.args.get(
+        "after", type=float, default=datetime.now() - timedelta(hours=1)
+    )
+    tz_name = request.args.get("timezone", default="utc", type=str)
+
+    _, minute_modifier, _ = get_tz_modifiers(tz_name)
+    minute_offset = int(minute_modifier.split(" ")[0])
+
+    all_recordings: list[Recordings] = (
+        Recordings.select(
+            Recordings.start_time,
+            Recordings.duration,
+            Recordings.objects,
+            Recordings.motion,
+        )
+        .where(Recordings.camera == camera_name)
+        .where(Recordings.motion > 0)
+        .where((Recordings.start_time > after) & (Recordings.end_time < before))
+        .order_by(Recordings.start_time.asc())
+        .iterator()
+    )
+
+    # data format is ex:
+    # {timestamp: [{ date: 1, count: 1, type: motion }]}] }}
+    hours: dict[int, list[dict[str, any]]] = defaultdict(list)
+
+    key = datetime.fromtimestamp(after).replace(second=0, microsecond=0) + timedelta(
+        minutes=minute_offset
+    )
+    check = (key + timedelta(hours=1)).timestamp()
+
+    # set initial start so data is representative of full hour
+    hours[int(key.timestamp())].append(
+        [
+            key.timestamp(),
+            0,
+            False,
+        ]
+    )
+
+    for recording in all_recordings:
+        if recording.start_time > check:
+            hours[int(key.timestamp())].append(
+                [
+                    (key + timedelta(minutes=59, seconds=59)).timestamp(),
+                    0,
+                    False,
+                ]
+            )
+            key = key + timedelta(hours=1)
+            check = (key + timedelta(hours=1)).timestamp()
+            hours[int(key.timestamp())].append(
+                [
+                    key.timestamp(),
+                    0,
+                    False,
+                ]
+            )
+
+        data_type = recording.objects > 0
+        count = recording.motion + recording.objects
+        hours[int(key.timestamp())].append(
+            [
+                recording.start_time + (recording.duration / 2),
+                0 if count == 0 else np.log2(count),
+                data_type,
+            ]
+        )
+
+    # resample data using pandas to get activity on minute to minute basis
+    for key, data in hours.items():
+        df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=["date", "count", "hasObjects"])
+
+        # set date as datetime index
+        df["date"] = pd.to_datetime(df["date"], unit="s")
+        df.set_index(["date"], inplace=True)
+
+        # normalize data
+        df = df.resample("T").mean().fillna(0)
+
+        # change types for output
+        df.index = df.index.astype(int) // (10**9)
+        df["count"] = df["count"].astype(int)
+        df["hasObjects"] = df["hasObjects"].astype(bool)
+        hours[key] = df.reset_index().to_dict("records")
+
+    return jsonify(hours)
+
+
@bp.route("/<camera_name>/<label>/best.jpg")
@bp.route("/<camera_name>/<label>/thumbnail.jpg")
 def label_thumbnail(camera_name, label):
@ -1674,6 +1876,7 @@ def recordings(camera_name):
            Recordings.segment_size,
            Recordings.motion,
            Recordings.objects,
+            Recordings.duration,
        )
        .where(
            Recordings.camera == camera_name,
@ -1845,7 +2048,6 @@ def vod_hour_no_timezone(year_month, day, hour, camera_name):
    )


-# TODO make this nicer when vod module is removed
@bp.route("/vod/<year_month>/<day>/<hour>/<camera_name>/<tz_name>")
 def vod_hour(year_month, day, hour, camera_name, tz_name):
    parts = year_month.split("-")
@ -1860,6 +2062,110 @@ def vod_hour(year_month, day, hour, camera_name, tz_name):
    return vod_ts(camera_name, start_ts, end_ts)


+@bp.route("/preview/<camera_name>/start/<int:start_ts>/end/<int:end_ts>")
+@bp.route("/preview/<camera_name>/start/<float:start_ts>/end/<float:end_ts>")
+def preview_ts(camera_name, start_ts, end_ts):
+    """Get all mp4 previews relevant for time period."""
+    if camera_name != "all":
+        camera_clause = Previews.camera == camera_name
+    else:
+        camera_clause = True
+
+    previews = (
+        Previews.select(
+            Previews.camera,
+            Previews.path,
+            Previews.duration,
+            Previews.start_time,
+            Previews.end_time,
+        )
+        .where(
+            Previews.start_time.between(start_ts, end_ts)
+            | Previews.end_time.between(start_ts, end_ts)
+            | ((start_ts > Previews.start_time) & (end_ts < Previews.end_time))
+        )
+        .where(camera_clause)
+        .order_by(Previews.start_time.asc())
+        .dicts()
+        .iterator()
+    )
+
+    clips = []
+
+    preview: Previews
+    for preview in previews:
+        clips.append(
+            {
+                "camera": preview["camera"],
+                "src": preview["path"].replace("/media/frigate", ""),
+                "type": "video/mp4",
+                "start": preview["start_time"],
+                "end": preview["end_time"],
+            }
+        )
+
+    if not clips:
+        return make_response(
+            jsonify(
+                {
+                    "success": False,
+                    "message": "No previews found.",
+                }
+            ),
+            404,
+        )
+
+    return make_response(jsonify(clips), 200)
+
+
+@bp.route("/preview/<year_month>/<day>/<hour>/<camera_name>/<tz_name>")
+def preview_hour(year_month, day, hour, camera_name, tz_name):
+    parts = year_month.split("-")
+    start_date = (
+        datetime(int(parts[0]), int(parts[1]), int(day), int(hour), tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        - datetime.now(pytz.timezone(tz_name.replace(",", "/"))).utcoffset()
+    )
+    end_date = start_date + timedelta(hours=1) - timedelta(milliseconds=1)
+    start_ts = start_date.timestamp()
+    end_ts = end_date.timestamp()
+
+    return preview_ts(camera_name, start_ts, end_ts)
+
+
+@bp.route("/preview/<camera_name>/<frame_time>/thumbnail.jpg")
+def preview_thumbnail(camera_name, frame_time):
+    """Get a thumbnail from the cached preview jpgs."""
+    preview_dir = os.path.join(CACHE_DIR, "preview_frames")
+    file_start = f"preview_{camera_name}"
+    file_check = f"{file_start}-{frame_time}.jpg"
+    selected_preview = None
+
+    for file in os.listdir(preview_dir):
+        if file.startswith(file_start):
+            if file < file_check:
+                selected_preview = file
+                break
+
+    if selected_preview is None:
+        return make_response(
+            jsonify(
+                {
+                    "success": False,
+                    "message": "Could not find valid preview jpg.",
+                }
+            ),
+            404,
+        )
+
+    with open(os.path.join(preview_dir, selected_preview), "rb") as image_file:
+        jpg_bytes = image_file.read()
+
+    response = make_response(jpg_bytes)
+    response.headers["Content-Type"] = "image/jpeg"
+    response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "private, max-age=31536000"
+    return response
+
+
@bp.route("/vod/event/<id>")
 def vod_event(id):
    try:
--- a/frigate/models.py
+++ b/frigate/models.py
@ -76,6 +76,15 @@ class Recordings(Model):  # type: ignore[misc]
    segment_size = FloatField(default=0)  # this should be stored as MB


+class Previews(Model):  # type: ignore[misc]
+    id = CharField(null=False, primary_key=True, max_length=30)
+    camera = CharField(index=True, max_length=20)
+    path = CharField(unique=True)
+    start_time = DateTimeField()
+    end_time = DateTimeField()
+    duration = FloatField()
+
+
 # Used for temporary table in record/cleanup.py
 class RecordingsToDelete(Model):  # type: ignore[misc]
    id = CharField(null=False, primary_key=False, max_length=30)
--- a/frigate/object_processing.py
+++ b/frigate/object_processing.py
@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from frigate.config import (
    MqttConfig,
    RecordConfig,
    SnapshotsConfig,
+    ZoomingModeEnum,
 )
 from frigate.const import CLIPS_DIR
 from frigate.events.maintainer import EventTypeEnum
@ -512,6 +513,39 @@ class CameraState:
                    thickness = 5
                    color = self.config.model.colormap[obj["label"]]

+                    # debug autotracking zooming - show the zoom factor box
+                    if (
+                        self.camera_config.onvif.autotracking.zooming
+                        != ZoomingModeEnum.disabled
+                    ):
+                        max_target_box = self.ptz_autotracker_thread.ptz_autotracker.tracked_object_metrics[
+                            self.name
+                        ]["max_target_box"]
+                        side_length = max_target_box * (
+                            max(
+                                self.camera_config.detect.width,
+                                self.camera_config.detect.height,
+                            )
+                        )
+
+                        centroid_x = (obj["box"][0] + obj["box"][2]) // 2
+                        centroid_y = (obj["box"][1] + obj["box"][3]) // 2
+                        top_left = (
+                            int(centroid_x - side_length // 2),
+                            int(centroid_y - side_length // 2),
+                        )
+                        bottom_right = (
+                            int(centroid_x + side_length // 2),
+                            int(centroid_y + side_length // 2),
+                        )
+                        cv2.rectangle(
+                            frame_copy,
+                            top_left,
+                            bottom_right,
+                            (255, 255, 0),
+                            2,
+                        )
+
                # draw the bounding boxes on the frame
                box = obj["box"]
                text = (
--- a/frigate/output/birdseye.py
+++ b/frigate/output/birdseye.py
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+"""Handle outputting birdseye frames via jsmpeg and go2rtc."""
+
 import datetime
 import glob
 import logging
@ -5,23 +7,13 @@ import math
 import multiprocessing as mp
 import os
 import queue
-import signal
 import subprocess as sp
 import threading
 import traceback
-from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

 import cv2
 import numpy as np
-from setproctitle import setproctitle
-from ws4py.server.wsgirefserver import (
-    WebSocketWSGIHandler,
-    WebSocketWSGIRequestHandler,
-    WSGIServer,
-)
-from ws4py.server.wsgiutils import WebSocketWSGIApplication

-from frigate.comms.ws import WebSocket
 from frigate.config import BirdseyeModeEnum, FrigateConfig
 from frigate.const import BASE_DIR, BIRDSEYE_PIPE
 from frigate.types import CameraMetricsTypes
@ -672,66 +664,20 @@ class BirdsEyeFrameManager:
        return False


-def output_frames(
+class Birdseye:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
        config: FrigateConfig,
-    video_output_queue,
+        frame_manager: SharedMemoryFrameManager,
        camera_metrics: dict[str, CameraMetricsTypes],
-):
-    threading.current_thread().name = "output"
-    setproctitle("frigate.output")
-
-    stop_event = mp.Event()
-
-    def receiveSignal(signalNumber, frame):
-        stop_event.set()
-
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, receiveSignal)
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, receiveSignal)
-
-    frame_manager = SharedMemoryFrameManager()
-    previous_frames = {}
-
-    # start a websocket server on 8082
-    WebSocketWSGIHandler.http_version = "1.1"
-    websocket_server = make_server(
-        "127.0.0.1",
-        8082,
-        server_class=WSGIServer,
-        handler_class=WebSocketWSGIRequestHandler,
-        app=WebSocketWSGIApplication(handler_cls=WebSocket),
-    )
-    websocket_server.initialize_websockets_manager()
-    websocket_thread = threading.Thread(target=websocket_server.serve_forever)
-
-    inputs: dict[str, queue.Queue] = {}
-    converters = {}
-    broadcasters = {}
-
-    for camera, cam_config in config.cameras.items():
-        inputs[camera] = queue.Queue(maxsize=cam_config.detect.fps)
-        width = int(
-            cam_config.live.height
-            * (cam_config.frame_shape[1] / cam_config.frame_shape[0])
-        )
-        converters[camera] = FFMpegConverter(
-            camera,
-            inputs[camera],
-            stop_event,
-            cam_config.frame_shape[1],
-            cam_config.frame_shape[0],
-            width,
-            cam_config.live.height,
-            cam_config.live.quality,
-        )
-        broadcasters[camera] = BroadcastThread(
-            camera, converters[camera], websocket_server, stop_event
-        )
-
-    if config.birdseye.enabled:
-        inputs["birdseye"] = queue.Queue(maxsize=10)
-        converters["birdseye"] = FFMpegConverter(
+        stop_event: mp.Event,
+        websocket_server,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.config = config
+        self.input = queue.Queue(maxsize=10)
+        self.converter = FFMpegConverter(
            "birdseye",
-            inputs["birdseye"],
+            self.input,
            stop_event,
            config.birdseye.width,
            config.birdseye.height,
@ -740,107 +686,48 @@ def output_frames(
            config.birdseye.quality,
            config.birdseye.restream,
        )
-        broadcasters["birdseye"] = BroadcastThread(
-            "birdseye",
-            converters["birdseye"],
-            websocket_server,
-            stop_event,
+        self.broadcaster = BroadcastThread(
+            "birdseye", self.converter, websocket_server, stop_event
        )
-
-    websocket_thread.start()
-
-    for t in converters.values():
-        t.start()
-
-    for t in broadcasters.values():
-        t.start()
-
-    birdseye_manager = BirdsEyeFrameManager(
+        self.birdseye_manager = BirdsEyeFrameManager(
            config, frame_manager, stop_event, camera_metrics
        )

        if config.birdseye.restream:
-        birdseye_buffer = frame_manager.create(
+            self.birdseye_buffer = frame_manager.create(
                "birdseye",
-            birdseye_manager.yuv_shape[0] * birdseye_manager.yuv_shape[1],
+                self.birdseye_manager.yuv_shape[0] * self.birdseye_manager.yuv_shape[1],
            )

-    while not stop_event.is_set():
-        try:
-            (
-                camera,
-                frame_time,
-                current_tracked_objects,
-                motion_boxes,
-                regions,
-            ) = video_output_queue.get(True, 1)
-        except queue.Empty:
-            continue
+        self.converter.start()
+        self.broadcaster.start()

-        frame_id = f"{camera}{frame_time}"
-
-        frame = frame_manager.get(frame_id, config.cameras[camera].frame_shape_yuv)
-
-        # send camera frame to ffmpeg process if websockets are connected
-        if any(
-            ws.environ["PATH_INFO"].endswith(camera) for ws in websocket_server.manager
-        ):
-            # write to the converter for the camera if clients are listening to the specific camera
-            try:
-                inputs[camera].put_nowait(frame.tobytes())
-            except queue.Full:
-                # drop frames if queue is full
-                pass
-
-        if config.birdseye.enabled and (
-            config.birdseye.restream
-            or any(
-                ws.environ["PATH_INFO"].endswith("birdseye")
-                for ws in websocket_server.manager
-            )
-        ):
-            if birdseye_manager.update(
+    def write_data(
+        self,
+        camera: str,
+        current_tracked_objects: list[dict[str, any]],
+        motion_boxes: list[list[int]],
+        frame_time: float,
+        frame,
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.birdseye_manager.update(
            camera,
            len([o for o in current_tracked_objects if not o["stationary"]]),
            len(motion_boxes),
            frame_time,
            frame,
        ):
-                frame_bytes = birdseye_manager.frame.tobytes()
+            frame_bytes = self.birdseye_manager.frame.tobytes()

-                if config.birdseye.restream:
-                    birdseye_buffer[:] = frame_bytes
+            if self.config.birdseye.restream:
+                self.birdseye_buffer[:] = frame_bytes

            try:
-                    inputs["birdseye"].put_nowait(frame_bytes)
+                self.input.put_nowait(frame_bytes)
            except queue.Full:
                # drop frames if queue is full
                pass

-        if camera in previous_frames:
-            frame_manager.delete(f"{camera}{previous_frames[camera]}")
-
-        previous_frames[camera] = frame_time
-
-    while not video_output_queue.empty():
-        (
-            camera,
-            frame_time,
-            current_tracked_objects,
-            motion_boxes,
-            regions,
-        ) = video_output_queue.get(True, 10)
-
-        frame_id = f"{camera}{frame_time}"
-        frame = frame_manager.get(frame_id, config.cameras[camera].frame_shape_yuv)
-        frame_manager.delete(frame_id)
-
-    for b in broadcasters.values():
-        b.join()
-
-    websocket_server.manager.close_all()
-    websocket_server.manager.stop()
-    websocket_server.manager.join()
-    websocket_server.shutdown()
-    websocket_thread.join()
-    logger.info("exiting output process...")
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        self.converter.join()
+        self.broadcaster.join()
--- a/frigate/output/camera.py
+++ b/frigate/output/camera.py
@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""Handle outputting individual cameras via jsmpeg."""
+
+import logging
+import multiprocessing as mp
+import queue
+import subprocess as sp
+import threading
+
+from frigate.config import CameraConfig
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class FFMpegConverter(threading.Thread):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        camera: str,
+        input_queue: queue.Queue,
+        stop_event: mp.Event,
+        in_width: int,
+        in_height: int,
+        out_width: int,
+        out_height: int,
+        quality: int,
+    ):
+        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
+        self.name = f"{camera}_output_converter"
+        self.camera = camera
+        self.input_queue = input_queue
+        self.stop_event = stop_event
+
+        ffmpeg_cmd = [
+            "ffmpeg",
+            "-f",
+            "rawvideo",
+            "-pix_fmt",
+            "yuv420p",
+            "-video_size",
+            f"{in_width}x{in_height}",
+            "-i",
+            "pipe:",
+            "-f",
+            "mpegts",
+            "-s",
+            f"{out_width}x{out_height}",
+            "-codec:v",
+            "mpeg1video",
+            "-q",
+            f"{quality}",
+            "-bf",
+            "0",
+            "pipe:",
+        ]
+
+        self.process = sp.Popen(
+            ffmpeg_cmd,
+            stdout=sp.PIPE,
+            stderr=sp.DEVNULL,
+            stdin=sp.PIPE,
+            start_new_session=True,
+        )
+
+    def __write(self, b) -> None:
+        self.process.stdin.write(b)
+
+    def read(self, length):
+        try:
+            return self.process.stdout.read1(length)
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+    def exit(self):
+        self.process.terminate()
+
+        try:
+            self.process.communicate(timeout=30)
+        except sp.TimeoutExpired:
+            self.process.kill()
+            self.process.communicate()
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        while not self.stop_event.is_set():
+            try:
+                frame = self.input_queue.get(True, timeout=1)
+                self.__write(frame)
+            except queue.Empty:
+                pass
+
+        self.exit()
+
+
+class BroadcastThread(threading.Thread):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        camera: str,
+        converter: FFMpegConverter,
+        websocket_server,
+        stop_event: mp.Event,
+    ):
+        super(BroadcastThread, self).__init__()
+        self.camera = camera
+        self.converter = converter
+        self.websocket_server = websocket_server
+        self.stop_event = stop_event
+
+    def run(self):
+        while not self.stop_event.is_set():
+            buf = self.converter.read(65536)
+            if buf:
+                manager = self.websocket_server.manager
+                with manager.lock:
+                    websockets = manager.websockets.copy()
+                    ws_iter = iter(websockets.values())
+
+                for ws in ws_iter:
+                    if (
+                        not ws.terminated
+                        and ws.environ["PATH_INFO"] == f"/{self.camera}"
+                    ):
+                        try:
+                            ws.send(buf, binary=True)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            pass
+                        except (BrokenPipeError, ConnectionResetError) as e:
+                            logger.debug(f"Websocket unexpectedly closed {e}")
+            elif self.converter.process.poll() is not None:
+                break
+
+
+class JsmpegCamera:
+    def __init__(
+        self, config: CameraConfig, stop_event: mp.Event, websocket_server
+    ) -> None:
+        self.config = config
+        self.input = queue.Queue(maxsize=config.detect.fps)
+        width = int(
+            config.live.height * (config.frame_shape[1] / config.frame_shape[0])
+        )
+        self.converter = FFMpegConverter(
+            config.name,
+            self.input,
+            stop_event,
+            config.frame_shape[1],
+            config.frame_shape[0],
+            width,
+            config.live.height,
+            config.live.quality,
+        )
+        self.broadcaster = BroadcastThread(
+            config.name, self.converter, websocket_server, stop_event
+        )
+
+        self.converter.start()
+        self.broadcaster.start()
+
+    def write_frame(self, frame_bytes) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.input.put_nowait(frame_bytes)
+        except queue.Full:
+            # drop frames if queue is full
+            pass
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        self.converter.join()
+        self.broadcaster.join()
--- a/frigate/output/output.py
+++ b/frigate/output/output.py
@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+"""Handle outputting raw frigate frames"""
+
+import logging
+import multiprocessing as mp
+import queue
+import signal
+import threading
+from typing import Optional
+from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
+
+from setproctitle import setproctitle
+from ws4py.server.wsgirefserver import (
+    WebSocketWSGIHandler,
+    WebSocketWSGIRequestHandler,
+    WSGIServer,
+)
+from ws4py.server.wsgiutils import WebSocketWSGIApplication
+
+from frigate.comms.ws import WebSocket
+from frigate.config import FrigateConfig
+from frigate.output.birdseye import Birdseye
+from frigate.output.camera import JsmpegCamera
+from frigate.output.preview import PreviewRecorder
+from frigate.types import CameraMetricsTypes
+from frigate.util.image import SharedMemoryFrameManager
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def output_frames(
+    config: FrigateConfig,
+    video_output_queue: mp.Queue,
+    inter_process_queue: mp.Queue,
+    camera_metrics: dict[str, CameraMetricsTypes],
+):
+    threading.current_thread().name = "output"
+    setproctitle("frigate.output")
+
+    stop_event = mp.Event()
+
+    def receiveSignal(signalNumber, frame):
+        stop_event.set()
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, receiveSignal)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, receiveSignal)
+
+    frame_manager = SharedMemoryFrameManager()
+    previous_frames = {}
+
+    # start a websocket server on 8082
+    WebSocketWSGIHandler.http_version = "1.1"
+    websocket_server = make_server(
+        "127.0.0.1",
+        8082,
+        server_class=WSGIServer,
+        handler_class=WebSocketWSGIRequestHandler,
+        app=WebSocketWSGIApplication(handler_cls=WebSocket),
+    )
+    websocket_server.initialize_websockets_manager()
+    websocket_thread = threading.Thread(target=websocket_server.serve_forever)
+
+    jsmpeg_cameras: dict[str, JsmpegCamera] = {}
+    birdseye: Optional[Birdseye] = None
+    preview_recorders: dict[str, PreviewRecorder] = {}
+
+    for camera, cam_config in config.cameras.items():
+        if not cam_config.enabled:
+            continue
+
+        jsmpeg_cameras[camera] = JsmpegCamera(cam_config, stop_event, websocket_server)
+        preview_recorders[camera] = PreviewRecorder(cam_config, inter_process_queue)
+
+    if config.birdseye.enabled:
+        birdseye = Birdseye(
+            config, frame_manager, camera_metrics, stop_event, websocket_server
+        )
+
+    websocket_thread.start()
+
+    while not stop_event.is_set():
+        try:
+            (
+                camera,
+                frame_time,
+                current_tracked_objects,
+                motion_boxes,
+                regions,
+            ) = video_output_queue.get(True, 1)
+        except queue.Empty:
+            continue
+
+        frame_id = f"{camera}{frame_time}"
+
+        frame = frame_manager.get(frame_id, config.cameras[camera].frame_shape_yuv)
+
+        # send camera frame to ffmpeg process if websockets are connected
+        if any(
+            ws.environ["PATH_INFO"].endswith(camera) for ws in websocket_server.manager
+        ):
+            # write to the converter for the camera if clients are listening to the specific camera
+            jsmpeg_cameras[camera].write_frame(frame.tobytes())
+
+        # send output data to birdseye if websocket is connected or restreaming
+        if config.birdseye.enabled and (
+            config.birdseye.restream
+            or any(
+                ws.environ["PATH_INFO"].endswith("birdseye")
+                for ws in websocket_server.manager
+            )
+        ):
+            birdseye.write_data(
+                camera,
+                current_tracked_objects,
+                motion_boxes,
+                frame_time,
+                frame,
+            )
+
+        # send frames for low fps recording
+        preview_recorders[camera].write_data(
+            current_tracked_objects, motion_boxes, frame_time, frame
+        )
+
+        # delete frames after they have been used for output
+        if camera in previous_frames:
+            frame_manager.delete(f"{camera}{previous_frames[camera]}")
+
+        previous_frames[camera] = frame_time
+
+    while not video_output_queue.empty():
+        (
+            camera,
+            frame_time,
+            current_tracked_objects,
+            motion_boxes,
+            regions,
+        ) = video_output_queue.get(True, 10)
+
+        frame_id = f"{camera}{frame_time}"
+        frame = frame_manager.get(frame_id, config.cameras[camera].frame_shape_yuv)
+        frame_manager.delete(frame_id)
+
+    for jsmpeg in jsmpeg_cameras.values():
+        jsmpeg.stop()
+
+    for preview in preview_recorders.values():
+        preview.stop()
+
+    if birdseye is not None:
+        birdseye.stop()
+
+    websocket_server.manager.close_all()
+    websocket_server.manager.stop()
+    websocket_server.manager.join()
+    websocket_server.shutdown()
+    websocket_thread.join()
+    logger.info("exiting output process...")
--- a/frigate/output/preview.py
+++ b/frigate/output/preview.py
@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+"""Handle outputting low res / fps preview segments from decoded frames."""
+
+import datetime
+import logging
+import multiprocessing as mp
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess as sp
+import threading
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import cv2
+import numpy as np
+
+from frigate.config import CameraConfig, RecordQualityEnum
+from frigate.const import CACHE_DIR, CLIPS_DIR, INSERT_PREVIEW
+from frigate.ffmpeg_presets import (
+    FPS_VFR_PARAM,
+    EncodeTypeEnum,
+    parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_encode,
+)
+from frigate.models import Previews
+from frigate.util.image import copy_yuv_to_position, get_yuv_crop
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+FOLDER_PREVIEW_FRAMES = "preview_frames"
+PREVIEW_OUTPUT_FPS = 1
+PREVIEW_SEGMENT_DURATION = 3600  # one hour
+# important to have lower keyframe to maintain scrubbing performance
+PREVIEW_KEYFRAME_INTERVAL = 60
+PREVIEW_BIT_RATES = {
+    RecordQualityEnum.very_low: 4096,
+    RecordQualityEnum.low: 6144,
+    RecordQualityEnum.medium: 8192,
+    RecordQualityEnum.high: 12288,
+    RecordQualityEnum.very_high: 16384,
+}
+
+
+def get_cache_image_name(camera: str, frame_time: float) -> str:
+    """Get the image name in cache."""
+    return os.path.join(
+        CACHE_DIR,
+        f"{FOLDER_PREVIEW_FRAMES}/preview_{camera}-{frame_time}.jpg",
+    )
+
+
+class FFMpegConverter(threading.Thread):
+    """Convert a list of jpg frames into a vfr mp4."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: CameraConfig,
+        frame_times: list[float],
+        inter_process_queue: mp.Queue,
+    ):
+        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
+        self.name = f"{config.name}_preview_converter"
+        self.config = config
+        self.frame_times = frame_times
+        self.inter_process_queue = inter_process_queue
+        self.path = os.path.join(
+            CLIPS_DIR,
+            f"previews/{self.config.name}/{self.frame_times[0]}-{self.frame_times[-1]}.mp4",
+        )
+
+        # write a PREVIEW at fps and 1 key frame per clip
+        self.ffmpeg_cmd = parse_preset_hardware_acceleration_encode(
+            config.ffmpeg.hwaccel_args,
+            input="-f concat -y -protocol_whitelist pipe,file -safe 0 -i /dev/stdin",
+            output=f"-g {PREVIEW_KEYFRAME_INTERVAL} -fpsmax {PREVIEW_OUTPUT_FPS} -bf 0 -b:v {PREVIEW_BIT_RATES[self.config.record.preview.quality]} {FPS_VFR_PARAM} -movflags +faststart -pix_fmt yuv420p {self.path}",
+            type=EncodeTypeEnum.preview,
+        )
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        # generate input list
+        item_count = len(self.frame_times)
+        playlist = []
+
+        for t_idx in range(0, item_count):
+            if t_idx == item_count - 1:
+                # last frame does not get a duration
+                playlist.append(
+                    f"file '{get_cache_image_name(self.config.name, self.frame_times[t_idx])}'"
+                )
+                continue
+
+            playlist.append(
+                f"file '{get_cache_image_name(self.config.name, self.frame_times[t_idx])}'"
+            )
+            playlist.append(
+                f"duration {self.frame_times[t_idx + 1] - self.frame_times[t_idx]}"
+            )
+
+        p = sp.run(
+            self.ffmpeg_cmd.split(" "),
+            input="\n".join(playlist),
+            encoding="ascii",
+            capture_output=True,
+        )
+
+        start = self.frame_times[0]
+        end = self.frame_times[-1]
+
+        if p.returncode == 0:
+            logger.debug("successfully saved preview")
+            self.inter_process_queue.put_nowait(
+                (
+                    INSERT_PREVIEW,
+                    {
+                        Previews.id: f"{self.config.name}_{end}",
+                        Previews.camera: self.config.name,
+                        Previews.path: self.path,
+                        Previews.start_time: start,
+                        Previews.end_time: end,
+                        Previews.duration: end - start,
+                    },
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            logger.error(f"Error saving preview for {self.config.name} :: {p.stderr}")
+
+        # unlink files from cache
+        # don't delete last frame as it will be used as first frame in next segment
+        for t in self.frame_times[0:-1]:
+            Path(get_cache_image_name(self.config.name, t)).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+
+class PreviewRecorder:
+    def __init__(self, config: CameraConfig, inter_process_queue: mp.Queue) -> None:
+        self.config = config
+        self.inter_process_queue = inter_process_queue
+        self.start_time = 0
+        self.last_output_time = 0
+        self.output_frames = []
+        self.out_height = 160
+        self.out_width = (
+            int((config.detect.width / config.detect.height) * self.out_height) // 4 * 4
+        )
+
+        y, u1, u2, v1, v2 = get_yuv_crop(
+            self.config.frame_shape_yuv,
+            (
+                0,
+                0,
+                self.config.frame_shape[1],
+                self.config.frame_shape[0],
+            ),
+        )
+        self.channel_dims = {
+            "y": y,
+            "u1": u1,
+            "u2": u2,
+            "v1": v1,
+            "v2": v2,
+        }
+
+        # end segment at end of hour
+        self.segment_end = (
+            (datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=1))
+            .replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+            .timestamp()
+        )
+
+        Path(os.path.join(CACHE_DIR, "preview_frames")).mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        Path(os.path.join(CLIPS_DIR, f"previews/{config.name}")).mkdir(
+            parents=True, exist_ok=True
+        )
+
+    def should_write_frame(
+        self,
+        current_tracked_objects: list[dict[str, any]],
+        motion_boxes: list[list[int]],
+        frame_time: float,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Decide if this frame should be added to PREVIEW."""
+        # limit output to 1 fps
+        if (frame_time - self.last_output_time) < 1 / PREVIEW_OUTPUT_FPS:
+            return False
+
+        # send frame if a non-stationary object is in a zone
+        if any(
+            (len(o["current_zones"]) > 0 and not o["stationary"])
+            for o in current_tracked_objects
+        ):
+            self.last_output_time = frame_time
+            return True
+
+        if len(motion_boxes) > 0:
+            self.last_output_time = frame_time
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def write_frame_to_cache(self, frame_time: float, frame) -> None:
+        # resize yuv frame
+        small_frame = np.zeros((self.out_height * 3 // 2, self.out_width), np.uint8)
+        copy_yuv_to_position(
+            small_frame,
+            (0, 0),
+            (self.out_height, self.out_width),
+            frame,
+            self.channel_dims,
+            cv2.INTER_AREA,
+        )
+        small_frame = cv2.cvtColor(
+            small_frame,
+            cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR_I420,
+        )
+        _, jpg = cv2.imencode(".jpg", small_frame)
+        with open(
+            get_cache_image_name(self.config.name, frame_time),
+            "wb",
+        ) as j:
+            j.write(jpg.tobytes())
+
+    def write_data(
+        self,
+        current_tracked_objects: list[dict[str, any]],
+        motion_boxes: list[list[int]],
+        frame_time: float,
+        frame,
+    ) -> None:
+        # always write the first frame
+        if self.start_time == 0:
+            self.start_time = frame_time
+            self.output_frames.append(frame_time)
+            self.write_frame_to_cache(frame_time, frame)
+            return
+
+        # check if PREVIEW clip should be generated and cached frames reset
+        if frame_time >= self.segment_end:
+            # save last frame to ensure consistent duration
+            self.output_frames.append(frame_time)
+            self.write_frame_to_cache(frame_time, frame)
+            FFMpegConverter(
+                self.config,
+                self.output_frames,
+                self.inter_process_queue,
+            ).start()
+
+            # reset frame cache
+            self.segment_end = (
+                (datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=1))
+                .replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+                .timestamp()
+            )
+            self.start_time = frame_time
+            self.last_output_time = frame_time
+            self.output_frames = []
+
+            # include first frame to ensure consistent duration
+            self.output_frames.append(frame_time)
+            self.write_frame_to_cache(frame_time, frame)
+        elif self.should_write_frame(current_tracked_objects, motion_boxes, frame_time):
+            self.output_frames.append(frame_time)
+            self.write_frame_to_cache(frame_time, frame)
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(CACHE_DIR, FOLDER_PREVIEW_FRAMES))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
--- a/frigate/ptz/autotrack.py
+++ b/frigate/ptz/autotrack.py
@ -527,16 +527,28 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:

        return np.dot(self.move_coefficients[camera], input_data)

+    def _predict_area_after_time(self, camera, time):
+        return np.dot(
+            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["area_coefficients"],
+            [self.tracked_object_history[camera][-1]["frame_time"] + time],
+        )
+
    def _calculate_tracked_object_metrics(self, camera, obj):
        def remove_outliers(data):
-            Q1 = np.percentile(data, 25)
-            Q3 = np.percentile(data, 75)
+            areas = [item["area"] for item in data]
+
+            Q1 = np.percentile(areas, 25)
+            Q3 = np.percentile(areas, 75)
            IQR = Q3 - Q1
            lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQR
            upper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQR
-            filtered_data = [x for x in data if lower_bound <= x <= upper_bound]

-            removed_values = [x for x in data if x not in filtered_data]
+            filtered_data = [
+                item for item in data if lower_bound <= item["area"] <= upper_bound
+            ]
+
+            # Find and log the removed values
+            removed_values = [item for item in data if item not in filtered_data]
            logger.debug(f"{camera}: Removed area outliers: {removed_values}")

            return filtered_data
@ -548,18 +560,43 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
        # Extract areas and calculate weighted average
        # grab the largest dimension of the bounding box and create a square from that
        areas = [
-            max(obj["box"][2] - obj["box"][0], obj["box"][3] - obj["box"][1]) ** 2
+            {
+                "frame_time": obj["frame_time"],
+                "box": obj["box"],
+                "area": max(
+                    obj["box"][2] - obj["box"][0], obj["box"][3] - obj["box"][1]
+                )
+                ** 2,
+            }
            for obj in self.tracked_object_history[camera]
        ]

-        filtered_areas = (
-            remove_outliers(areas)
-            if len(areas) >= self.config.cameras[camera].detect.fps / 2
-            else areas
+        filtered_areas = remove_outliers(areas) if len(areas) >= 2 else areas
+
+        # Filter entries that are not touching the frame edge
+        filtered_areas_not_touching_edge = [
+            entry
+            for entry in filtered_areas
+            if self._touching_frame_edges(camera, entry["box"]) == 0
+        ]
+
+        # Calculate regression for area change predictions
+        if len(filtered_areas_not_touching_edge):
+            X = np.array(
+                [item["frame_time"] for item in filtered_areas_not_touching_edge]
            )
+            y = np.array([item["area"] for item in filtered_areas_not_touching_edge])
+
+            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["area_coefficients"] = np.linalg.lstsq(
+                X.reshape(-1, 1), y, rcond=None
+            )[0]
+        else:
+            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["area_coefficients"] = np.array([0])

        weights = np.arange(1, len(filtered_areas) + 1)
-        weighted_area = np.average(filtered_areas, weights=weights)
+        weighted_area = np.average(
+            [item["area"] for item in filtered_areas], weights=weights
+        )

        self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"] = (
            weighted_area / (camera_width * camera_height)
@ -681,26 +718,28 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
                    self._calculate_move_coefficients(camera)

    def _enqueue_move(self, camera, frame_time, pan, tilt, zoom):
-        def split_value(value):
+        def split_value(value, suppress_diff=True):
            clipped = np.clip(value, -1, 1)
-            return clipped, value - clipped
+
+            # don't make small movements
+            if -0.05 < clipped < 0.05 and suppress_diff:
+                diff = 0.0
+            else:
+                diff = value - clipped
+
+            return clipped, diff

        if (
            frame_time > self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_start_time"].value
            and frame_time > self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_stop_time"].value
            and not self.move_queue_locks[camera].locked()
        ):
-            # don't make small movements
-            if abs(pan) < 0.02:
-                pan = 0
-            if abs(tilt) < 0.02:
-                tilt = 0
-
-            # split up any large moves caused by velocity estimated movements
+            # we can split up any large moves caused by velocity estimated movements if necessary
+            # get an excess amount and assign it instead of 0 below
            while pan != 0 or tilt != 0 or zoom != 0:
-                pan, pan_excess = split_value(pan)
-                tilt, tilt_excess = split_value(tilt)
-                zoom, zoom_excess = split_value(zoom)
+                pan, _ = split_value(pan)
+                tilt, _ = split_value(tilt)
+                zoom, _ = split_value(zoom, False)

                logger.debug(
                    f"{camera}: Enqueue movement for frame time: {frame_time} pan: {pan}, tilt: {tilt}, zoom: {zoom}"
@ -708,9 +747,25 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
                move_data = (frame_time, pan, tilt, zoom)
                self.move_queues[camera].put(move_data)

-                pan = pan_excess
-                tilt = tilt_excess
-                zoom = zoom_excess
+                # reset values to not split up large movements
+                pan = 0
+                tilt = 0
+                zoom = 0
+
+    def _touching_frame_edges(self, camera, box):
+        camera_config = self.config.cameras[camera]
+        camera_width = camera_config.frame_shape[1]
+        camera_height = camera_config.frame_shape[0]
+        bb_left, bb_top, bb_right, bb_bottom = box
+
+        edge_threshold = AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD
+
+        return int(
+            (bb_left < edge_threshold * camera_width)
+            + (bb_right > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_width)
+            + (bb_top < edge_threshold * camera_height)
+            + (bb_bottom > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_height)
+        )

    def _get_valid_velocity(self, camera, obj):
        # returns a tuple and euclidean distance if the estimated velocity is valid
@ -722,7 +777,9 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:

        # estimate_velocity is a numpy array of bbox top,left and bottom,right velocities
        velocities = obj.obj_data["estimate_velocity"]
-        logger.debug(f"{camera}: Velocities from norfair: {velocities}")
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{camera}: Velocity (Norfair): {tuple(np.round(velocities).flatten().astype(int))}"
+        )

        # if we are close enough to zero, return right away
        if np.all(np.round(velocities) == 0):
@ -827,7 +884,7 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:

        return distance_threshold

-    def _should_zoom_in(self, camera, obj, box, debug_zooming=False):
+    def _should_zoom_in(self, camera, obj, box, predicted_time, debug_zooming=False):
        # returns True if we should zoom in, False if we should zoom out, None to do nothing
        camera_config = self.config.cameras[camera]
        camera_width = camera_config.frame_shape[1]
@ -838,9 +895,6 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:

        bb_left, bb_top, bb_right, bb_bottom = box

-        # TODO: Take into account the area changing when an object is moving out of frame
-        edge_threshold = AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD
-
        # calculate a velocity threshold based on movement coefficients if available
        if camera_config.onvif.autotracking.movement_weights:
            predicted_movement_time = self._predict_movement_time(camera, 1, 1)
@ -851,12 +905,8 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
            velocity_threshold_x = camera_width * 0.02
            velocity_threshold_y = camera_height * 0.02

-        touching_frame_edges = int(
-            (bb_left < edge_threshold * camera_width)
-            + (bb_right > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_width)
-            + (bb_top < edge_threshold * camera_height)
-            + (bb_bottom > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_height)
-        )
+        # return a count of the number of frame edges the bounding box is touching
+        touching_frame_edges = self._touching_frame_edges(camera, box)

        # make sure object is centered in the frame
        below_distance_threshold = self.tracked_object_metrics[camera][
@ -873,19 +923,28 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
            < np.tile([velocity_threshold_x, velocity_threshold_y], 2)
        ) or np.all(average_velocity == 0)

+        if not predicted_time:
+            calculated_target_box = self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]
+        else:
+            calculated_target_box = self.tracked_object_metrics[camera][
+                "target_box"
+            ] + self._predict_area_after_time(camera, predicted_time) / (
+                camera_width * camera_height
+            )
+
        below_area_threshold = (
-            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]
+            calculated_target_box
            < self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]
        )

        # introduce some hysteresis to prevent a yo-yo zooming effect
        zoom_out_hysteresis = (
-            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]
+            calculated_target_box
            > self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]
            * AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_OUT_HYSTERESIS
        )
        zoom_in_hysteresis = (
-            self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]
+            calculated_target_box
            < self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]
            * AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_IN_HYSTERESIS
        )
@ -902,13 +961,13 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
        # debug zooming
        if debug_zooming:
            logger.debug(
-                f"{camera}: Zoom test: touching edges: count: {touching_frame_edges} left: {bb_left < edge_threshold * camera_width}, right: {bb_right > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_width}, top: {bb_top < edge_threshold * camera_height}, bottom: {bb_bottom > (1 - edge_threshold) * camera_height}"
+                f"{camera}: Zoom test: touching edges: count: {touching_frame_edges} left: {bb_left < AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD * camera_width}, right: {bb_right > (1 - AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD) * camera_width}, top: {bb_top < AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD * camera_height}, bottom: {bb_bottom > (1 - AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_EDGE_THRESHOLD) * camera_height}"
            )
            logger.debug(
                f"{camera}: Zoom test: below distance threshold: {(below_distance_threshold)}"
            )
            logger.debug(
-                f"{camera}: Zoom test: below area threshold: {(below_area_threshold)} target: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]['target_box']} max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]['max_target_box']}"
+                f"{camera}: Zoom test: below area threshold: {(below_area_threshold)} target: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]['target_box']}, calculated: {calculated_target_box}, max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]['max_target_box']}"
            )
            logger.debug(
                f"{camera}: Zoom test: below dimension threshold: {below_dimension_threshold} width: {bb_right - bb_left}, max width: {camera_width * (self.zoom_factor[camera] + 0.1)}, height: {bb_bottom - bb_top}, max height: {camera_height * (self.zoom_factor[camera] + 0.1)}"
@ -919,10 +978,10 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
            logger.debug(f"{camera}: Zoom test: at max zoom: {at_max_zoom}")
            logger.debug(f"{camera}: Zoom test: at min zoom: {at_min_zoom}")
            logger.debug(
-                f'{camera}: Zoom test: zoom in hysteresis limit: {zoom_in_hysteresis} value: {AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_IN_HYSTERESIS} original: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["original_target_box"]} max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]} target: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]}'
+                f'{camera}: Zoom test: zoom in hysteresis limit: {zoom_in_hysteresis} value: {AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_IN_HYSTERESIS} original: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["original_target_box"]} max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]} target: {calculated_target_box if calculated_target_box else self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]}'
            )
            logger.debug(
-                f'{camera}: Zoom test: zoom out hysteresis limit: {zoom_out_hysteresis} value: {AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_OUT_HYSTERESIS} original: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["original_target_box"]} max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]} target: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]}'
+                f'{camera}: Zoom test: zoom out hysteresis limit: {zoom_out_hysteresis} value: {AUTOTRACKING_ZOOM_OUT_HYSTERESIS} original: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["original_target_box"]} max: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]} target: {calculated_target_box if calculated_target_box else self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]}'
            )

        # Zoom in conditions (and)
@ -961,6 +1020,7 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
        camera_width = camera_config.frame_shape[1]
        camera_height = camera_config.frame_shape[0]
        camera_fps = camera_config.detect.fps
+        predicted_movement_time = 0

        average_velocity = np.zeros((4,))
        predicted_box = obj.obj_data["box"]
@ -1010,7 +1070,9 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
                f"{camera}: Velocity: {tuple(np.round(average_velocity).flatten().astype(int))}"
            )

-        zoom = self._get_zoom_amount(camera, obj, predicted_box, debug_zoom=True)
+        zoom = self._get_zoom_amount(
+            camera, obj, predicted_box, predicted_movement_time, debug_zoom=True
+        )

        self._enqueue_move(camera, obj.obj_data["frame_time"], pan, tilt, zoom)

@ -1018,12 +1080,14 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
        camera_config = self.config.cameras[camera]

        if camera_config.onvif.autotracking.zooming != ZoomingModeEnum.disabled:
-            zoom = self._get_zoom_amount(camera, obj, obj.obj_data["box"])
+            zoom = self._get_zoom_amount(camera, obj, obj.obj_data["box"], 0)

            if zoom != 0:
                self._enqueue_move(camera, obj.obj_data["frame_time"], 0, 0, zoom)

-    def _get_zoom_amount(self, camera, obj, predicted_box, debug_zoom=True):
+    def _get_zoom_amount(
+        self, camera, obj, predicted_box, predicted_movement_time, debug_zoom=True
+    ):
        camera_config = self.config.cameras[camera]

        # frame width and height
@ -1046,7 +1110,11 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
            else:
                if (
                    result := self._should_zoom_in(
-                        camera, obj, obj.obj_data["box"], debug_zoom
+                        camera,
+                        obj,
+                        obj.obj_data["box"],
+                        predicted_movement_time,
+                        debug_zoom,
                    )
                ) is not None:
                    # divide zoom in 10 increments and always zoom out more than in
@ -1077,13 +1145,27 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
                        predicted_box
                        if camera_config.onvif.autotracking.movement_weights
                        else obj.obj_data["box"],
+                        predicted_movement_time,
                        debug_zoom,
                    )
                ) is not None:
+                    if predicted_movement_time:
+                        calculated_target_box = self.tracked_object_metrics[camera][
+                            "target_box"
+                        ] + self._predict_area_after_time(
+                            camera, predicted_movement_time
+                        ) / (camera_width * camera_height)
+                        logger.debug(
+                            f"{camera}: Zooming prediction: predicted movement time: {predicted_movement_time}, original box: {self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]['target_box']}, calculated box: {calculated_target_box}"
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        calculated_target_box = self.tracked_object_metrics[camera][
+                            "target_box"
+                        ]
                    # zoom value
                    ratio = (
                        self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["max_target_box"]
-                        / self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["target_box"]
+                        / calculated_target_box
                    )
                    zoom = (ratio - 1) / (ratio + 1)
                    logger.debug(
@ -1151,15 +1233,15 @@ class PtzAutoTracker:
                and obj.obj_data["id"] == self.tracked_object[camera].obj_data["id"]
                and obj.obj_data["frame_time"]
                != self.tracked_object_history[camera][-1]["frame_time"]
-                and not ptz_moving_at_frame_time(
-                    obj.obj_data["frame_time"],
-                    self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_start_time"].value,
-                    self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_stop_time"].value,
-                )
            ):
                self.tracked_object_history[camera].append(copy.deepcopy(obj.obj_data))
                self._calculate_tracked_object_metrics(camera, obj)

+                if not ptz_moving_at_frame_time(
+                    obj.obj_data["frame_time"],
+                    self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_start_time"].value,
+                    self.ptz_metrics[camera]["ptz_stop_time"].value,
+                ):
                    if self.tracked_object_metrics[camera]["below_distance_threshold"]:
                        logger.debug(
                            f"{camera}: Existing object (do NOT move ptz): {obj.obj_data['id']} {obj.obj_data['box']} {obj.obj_data['frame_time']}"
--- a/frigate/ptz/onvif.py
+++ b/frigate/ptz/onvif.py
@ -534,8 +534,7 @@ class OnvifController:
        except Exception:
            pass  # We're unsupported, that'll be reported in the next check.

-        # there doesn't seem to be an onvif standard with this optional parameter
-        # some cameras can report MoveStatus with or without PanTilt or Zoom attributes
+        try:
            pan_tilt_status = getattr(status.MoveStatus, "PanTilt", None)
            zoom_status = getattr(status.MoveStatus, "Zoom", None)

@ -544,18 +543,18 @@ class OnvifController:
                pan_tilt_status = getattr(status, "MoveStatus", None)

                # we're unsupported
-            if pan_tilt_status is None or pan_tilt_status.lower() not in [
-                "idle",
-                "moving",
+                if pan_tilt_status is None or pan_tilt_status not in [
+                    "IDLE",
+                    "MOVING",
                ]:
-                logger.error(
+                    raise Exception
+        except Exception:
+            logger.warning(
                f"Camera {camera_name} does not support the ONVIF GetStatus method. Autotracking will not function correctly and must be disabled in your config."
            )
            return

-        if pan_tilt_status.lower() == "idle" and (
-            zoom_status is None or zoom_status.lower() == "idle"
-        ):
+        if pan_tilt_status == "IDLE" and (zoom_status is None or zoom_status == "IDLE"):
            self.cams[camera_name]["active"] = False
            if not self.ptz_metrics[camera_name]["ptz_motor_stopped"].is_set():
                self.ptz_metrics[camera_name]["ptz_motor_stopped"].set()
--- a/frigate/record/cleanup.py
+++ b/frigate/record/cleanup.py
@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ import threading
 from multiprocessing.synchronize import Event as MpEvent
 from pathlib import Path

-from frigate.config import FrigateConfig, RetainModeEnum
+from frigate.config import CameraConfig, FrigateConfig, RetainModeEnum
 from frigate.const import CACHE_DIR, RECORD_DIR
-from frigate.models import Event, Recordings
+from frigate.models import Event, Previews, Recordings
 from frigate.record.util import remove_empty_directories, sync_recordings
 from frigate.util.builtin import clear_and_unlink, get_tomorrow_at_time

@ -33,10 +33,152 @@ class RecordingCleanup(threading.Thread):
                logger.debug("Deleting tmp clip.")
                clear_and_unlink(p)

+    def expire_existing_camera_recordings(
+        self, expire_date: float, config: CameraConfig, events: Event
+    ) -> None:
+        """Delete recordings for existing camera based on retention config."""
+        # Get the timestamp for cutoff of retained days
+
+        # Get recordings to check for expiration
+        recordings: Recordings = (
+            Recordings.select(
+                Recordings.id,
+                Recordings.start_time,
+                Recordings.end_time,
+                Recordings.path,
+                Recordings.objects,
+                Recordings.motion,
+            )
+            .where(
+                Recordings.camera == config.name,
+                Recordings.end_time < expire_date,
+            )
+            .order_by(Recordings.start_time)
+            .namedtuples()
+            .iterator()
+        )
+
+        # loop over recordings and see if they overlap with any non-expired events
+        # TODO: expire segments based on segment stats according to config
+        event_start = 0
+        deleted_recordings = set()
+        kept_recordings: list[tuple[float, float]] = []
+        for recording in recordings:
+            keep = False
+            # Now look for a reason to keep this recording segment
+            for idx in range(event_start, len(events)):
+                event: Event = events[idx]
+
+                # if the event starts in the future, stop checking events
+                # and let this recording segment expire
+                if event.start_time > recording.end_time:
+                    keep = False
+                    break
+
+                # if the event is in progress or ends after the recording starts, keep it
+                # and stop looking at events
+                if event.end_time is None or event.end_time >= recording.start_time:
+                    keep = True
+                    break
+
+                # if the event ends before this recording segment starts, skip
+                # this event and check the next event for an overlap.
+                # since the events and recordings are sorted, we can skip events
+                # that end before the previous recording segment started on future segments
+                if event.end_time < recording.start_time:
+                    event_start = idx
+
+            # Delete recordings outside of the retention window or based on the retention mode
+            if (
+                not keep
+                or (
+                    config.record.events.retain.mode == RetainModeEnum.motion
+                    and recording.motion == 0
+                )
+                or (
+                    config.record.events.retain.mode == RetainModeEnum.active_objects
+                    and recording.objects == 0
+                )
+            ):
+                Path(recording.path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                deleted_recordings.add(recording.id)
+            else:
+                kept_recordings.append((recording.start_time, recording.end_time))
+
+        # expire recordings
+        logger.debug(f"Expiring {len(deleted_recordings)} recordings")
+        # delete up to 100,000 at a time
+        max_deletes = 100000
+        deleted_recordings_list = list(deleted_recordings)
+        for i in range(0, len(deleted_recordings_list), max_deletes):
+            Recordings.delete().where(
+                Recordings.id << deleted_recordings_list[i : i + max_deletes]
+            ).execute()
+
+        previews: Previews = (
+            Previews.select(
+                Previews.id,
+                Previews.start_time,
+                Previews.end_time,
+                Previews.path,
+            )
+            .where(
+                Previews.camera == config.name,
+                Previews.end_time < expire_date,
+            )
+            .order_by(Previews.start_time)
+            .namedtuples()
+            .iterator()
+        )
+
+        # expire previews
+        recording_start = 0
+        deleted_previews = set()
+        for preview in previews:
+            keep = False
+            # look for a reason to keep this preview
+            for idx in range(recording_start, len(kept_recordings)):
+                start_time, end_time = kept_recordings[idx]
+
+                # if the recording starts in the future, stop checking recordings
+                # and let this preview expire
+                if start_time > preview.end_time:
+                    keep = False
+                    break
+
+                # if the recording ends after the preview starts, keep it
+                # and stop looking at recordings
+                if end_time >= preview.start_time:
+                    keep = True
+                    break
+
+                # if the recording ends before this preview starts, skip
+                # this recording and check the next recording for an overlap.
+                # since the kept recordings and previews are sorted, we can skip recordings
+                # that end before the current preview started
+                if end_time < preview.start_time:
+                    recording_start = idx
+
+            # Delete previews without any relevant recordings
+            if not keep:
+                Path(preview.path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                deleted_previews.add(preview.id)
+
+        # expire previews
+        logger.debug(f"Expiring {len(deleted_previews)} previews")
+        # delete up to 100,000 at a time
+        max_deletes = 100000
+        deleted_previews_list = list(deleted_previews)
+        for i in range(0, len(deleted_previews_list), max_deletes):
+            Previews.delete().where(
+                Previews.id << deleted_previews_list[i : i + max_deletes]
+            ).execute()
+
    def expire_recordings(self) -> None:
        """Delete recordings based on retention config."""
        logger.debug("Start expire recordings.")
        logger.debug("Start deleted cameras.")
+
        # Handle deleted cameras
        expire_days = self.config.record.retain.days
        expire_before = (
@ -73,31 +215,12 @@ class RecordingCleanup(threading.Thread):
        logger.debug("Start all cameras.")
        for camera, config in self.config.cameras.items():
            logger.debug(f"Start camera: {camera}.")
-            # Get the timestamp for cutoff of retained days
+
            expire_days = config.record.retain.days
            expire_date = (
                datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=expire_days)
            ).timestamp()

-            # Get recordings to check for expiration
-            recordings: Recordings = (
-                Recordings.select(
-                    Recordings.id,
-                    Recordings.start_time,
-                    Recordings.end_time,
-                    Recordings.path,
-                    Recordings.objects,
-                    Recordings.motion,
-                )
-                .where(
-                    Recordings.camera == camera,
-                    Recordings.end_time < expire_date,
-                )
-                .order_by(Recordings.start_time)
-                .namedtuples()
-                .iterator()
-            )
-
            # Get all the events to check against
            events: Event = (
                Event.select(
@ -115,60 +238,7 @@ class RecordingCleanup(threading.Thread):
                .namedtuples()
            )

-            # loop over recordings and see if they overlap with any non-expired events
-            # TODO: expire segments based on segment stats according to config
-            event_start = 0
-            deleted_recordings = set()
-            for recording in recordings:
-                keep = False
-                # Now look for a reason to keep this recording segment
-                for idx in range(event_start, len(events)):
-                    event: Event = events[idx]
-
-                    # if the event starts in the future, stop checking events
-                    # and let this recording segment expire
-                    if event.start_time > recording.end_time:
-                        keep = False
-                        break
-
-                    # if the event is in progress or ends after the recording starts, keep it
-                    # and stop looking at events
-                    if event.end_time is None or event.end_time >= recording.start_time:
-                        keep = True
-                        break
-
-                    # if the event ends before this recording segment starts, skip
-                    # this event and check the next event for an overlap.
-                    # since the events and recordings are sorted, we can skip events
-                    # that end before the previous recording segment started on future segments
-                    if event.end_time < recording.start_time:
-                        event_start = idx
-
-                # Delete recordings outside of the retention window or based on the retention mode
-                if (
-                    not keep
-                    or (
-                        config.record.events.retain.mode == RetainModeEnum.motion
-                        and recording.motion == 0
-                    )
-                    or (
-                        config.record.events.retain.mode
-                        == RetainModeEnum.active_objects
-                        and recording.objects == 0
-                    )
-                ):
-                    Path(recording.path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
-                    deleted_recordings.add(recording.id)
-
-            logger.debug(f"Expiring {len(deleted_recordings)} recordings")
-            # delete up to 100,000 at a time
-            max_deletes = 100000
-            deleted_recordings_list = list(deleted_recordings)
-            for i in range(0, len(deleted_recordings_list), max_deletes):
-                Recordings.delete().where(
-                    Recordings.id << deleted_recordings_list[i : i + max_deletes]
-                ).execute()
-
+            self.expire_existing_camera_recordings(expire_date, config, events)
            logger.debug(f"End camera: {camera}.")

        logger.debug("End all cameras.")
--- a/frigate/test/test_birdseye.py
+++ b/frigate/test/test_birdseye.py
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 import unittest

-from frigate.output import get_canvas_shape
+from frigate.output.birdseye import get_canvas_shape


 class TestBirdseye(unittest.TestCase):
--- a/frigate/test/test_config.py
+++ b/frigate/test/test_config.py
@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ class TestConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                        "inputs": [
                            {
                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect", "rtmp"],
+                                "roles": ["detect"],
                            },
                            {"path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/record", "roles": ["record"]},
                        ]
@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ class TestConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                        "width": 1920,
                        "fps": 5,
                    },
-                    "rtmp": {"enabled": True},
+                    "audio": {"enabled": True},
                }
            },
        }
@ -1167,122 +1167,6 @@ class TestConfig(unittest.TestCase):
        assert runtime_config.cameras["back"].snapshots.height == 150
        assert runtime_config.cameras["back"].snapshots.enabled

-    def test_global_rtmp_disabled(self):
-        config = {
-            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
-            "cameras": {
-                "back": {
-                    "ffmpeg": {
-                        "inputs": [
-                            {
-                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect"],
-                            },
-                        ]
-                    },
-                    "detect": {
-                        "height": 1080,
-                        "width": 1920,
-                        "fps": 5,
-                    },
-                }
-            },
-        }
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**config)
-        assert config == frigate_config.dict(exclude_unset=True)
-
-        runtime_config = frigate_config.runtime_config()
-        assert not runtime_config.cameras["back"].rtmp.enabled
-
-    def test_default_not_rtmp(self):
-        config = {
-            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
-            "cameras": {
-                "back": {
-                    "ffmpeg": {
-                        "inputs": [
-                            {
-                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect"],
-                            },
-                        ]
-                    },
-                    "detect": {
-                        "height": 1080,
-                        "width": 1920,
-                        "fps": 5,
-                    },
-                }
-            },
-        }
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**config)
-        assert config == frigate_config.dict(exclude_unset=True)
-
-        runtime_config = frigate_config.runtime_config()
-        assert not runtime_config.cameras["back"].rtmp.enabled
-
-    def test_global_rtmp_merge(self):
-        config = {
-            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
-            "rtmp": {"enabled": False},
-            "cameras": {
-                "back": {
-                    "ffmpeg": {
-                        "inputs": [
-                            {
-                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect", "rtmp"],
-                            },
-                        ]
-                    },
-                    "detect": {
-                        "height": 1080,
-                        "width": 1920,
-                        "fps": 5,
-                    },
-                    "rtmp": {
-                        "enabled": True,
-                    },
-                }
-            },
-        }
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**config)
-        assert config == frigate_config.dict(exclude_unset=True)
-
-        runtime_config = frigate_config.runtime_config()
-        assert runtime_config.cameras["back"].rtmp.enabled
-
-    def test_global_rtmp_default(self):
-        config = {
-            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
-            "cameras": {
-                "back": {
-                    "ffmpeg": {
-                        "inputs": [
-                            {
-                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect"],
-                            },
-                            {
-                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video2",
-                                "roles": ["record"],
-                            },
-                        ]
-                    },
-                    "detect": {
-                        "height": 1080,
-                        "width": 1920,
-                        "fps": 5,
-                    },
-                }
-            },
-        }
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**config)
-        assert config == frigate_config.dict(exclude_unset=True)
-
-        runtime_config = frigate_config.runtime_config()
-        assert not runtime_config.cameras["back"].rtmp.enabled
-
    def test_global_jsmpeg(self):
        config = {
            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
@ -1428,7 +1312,6 @@ class TestConfig(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_global_timestamp_style_merge(self):
        config = {
            "mqtt": {"host": "mqtt"},
-            "rtmp": {"enabled": False},
            "timestamp_style": {"position": "br", "thickness": 2},
            "cameras": {
                "back": {
--- a/frigate/test/test_ffmpeg_presets.py
+++ b/frigate/test/test_ffmpeg_presets.py
@ -14,13 +14,12 @@ class TestFfmpegPresets(unittest.TestCase):
                        "inputs": [
                            {
                                "path": "rtsp://10.0.0.1:554/video",
-                                "roles": ["detect", "rtmp"],
+                                "roles": ["detect"],
                            }
                        ],
                        "output_args": {
                            "detect": "-f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p",
                            "record": "-f segment -segment_time 10 -segment_format mp4 -reset_timestamps 1 -strftime 1 -c copy -an",
-                            "rtmp": "-c copy -f flv",
                        },
                    },
                    "detect": {
@ -31,9 +30,6 @@ class TestFfmpegPresets(unittest.TestCase):
                    "record": {
                        "enabled": True,
                    },
-                    "rtmp": {
-                        "enabled": True,
-                    },
                    "name": "back",
                }
            },
@ -157,29 +153,6 @@ class TestFfmpegPresets(unittest.TestCase):
            " ".join(frigate_config.cameras["back"].ffmpeg_cmds[0]["cmd"])
        )

-    def test_ffmpeg_output_rtmp_preset(self):
-        self.default_ffmpeg["cameras"]["back"]["ffmpeg"]["output_args"][
-            "rtmp"
-        ] = "preset-rtmp-jpeg"
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**self.default_ffmpeg)
-        frigate_config.cameras["back"].create_ffmpeg_cmds()
-        assert "preset-rtmp-jpeg" not in (
-            " ".join(frigate_config.cameras["back"].ffmpeg_cmds[0]["cmd"])
-        )
-        assert "-c:v libx264" in (
-            " ".join(frigate_config.cameras["back"].ffmpeg_cmds[0]["cmd"])
-        )
-
-    def test_ffmpeg_output_rtmp_not_preset(self):
-        self.default_ffmpeg["cameras"]["back"]["ffmpeg"]["output_args"][
-            "rtmp"
-        ] = "-some output"
-        frigate_config = FrigateConfig(**self.default_ffmpeg)
-        frigate_config.cameras["back"].create_ffmpeg_cmds()
-        assert "-some output" in (
-            " ".join(frigate_config.cameras["back"].ffmpeg_cmds[0]["cmd"])
-        )
-

 if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
--- a/frigate/timeline.py
+++ b/frigate/timeline.py
@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ class TimelineProcessor(threading.Thread):
        self.config = config
        self.queue = queue
        self.stop_event = stop_event
+        self.pre_event_cache: dict[str, list[dict[str, any]]] = {}

    def run(self) -> None:
        while not self.stop_event.is_set():
@ -46,6 +47,32 @@ class TimelineProcessor(threading.Thread):
                self.handle_object_detection(
                    camera, event_type, prev_event_data, event_data
                )
+            elif input_type == EventTypeEnum.api:
+                self.handle_api_entry(camera, event_type, event_data)
+
+    def insert_or_save(
+        self,
+        entry: dict[str, any],
+        prev_event_data: dict[any, any],
+        event_data: dict[any, any],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Insert into db or cache."""
+        id = entry[Timeline.source_id]
+        if not event_data["has_clip"] and not event_data["has_snapshot"]:
+            # the related event has not been saved yet, should be added to cache
+            if id in self.pre_event_cache.keys():
+                self.pre_event_cache[id].append(entry)
+            else:
+                self.pre_event_cache[id] = [entry]
+        else:
+            # the event is saved, insert to db and insert cached into db
+            if id in self.pre_event_cache.keys():
+                for e in self.pre_event_cache[id]:
+                    Timeline.insert(e).execute()
+
+                self.pre_event_cache.pop(id)
+
+            Timeline.insert(entry).execute()

    def handle_object_detection(
        self,
@ -53,15 +80,17 @@ class TimelineProcessor(threading.Thread):
        event_type: str,
        prev_event_data: dict[any, any],
        event_data: dict[any, any],
-    ) -> None:
+    ) -> bool:
        """Handle object detection."""
+        save = False
        camera_config = self.config.cameras[camera]
+        event_id = event_data["id"]

        timeline_entry = {
            Timeline.timestamp: event_data["frame_time"],
            Timeline.camera: camera,
            Timeline.source: "tracked_object",
-            Timeline.source_id: event_data["id"],
+            Timeline.source_id: event_id,
            Timeline.data: {
                "box": to_relative_box(
                    camera_config.detect.width,
@ -69,6 +98,7 @@ class TimelineProcessor(threading.Thread):
                    event_data["box"],
                ),
                "label": event_data["label"],
+                "sub_label": event_data.get("sub_label"),
                "region": to_relative_box(
                    camera_config.detect.width,
                    camera_config.detect.height,
@ -77,36 +107,78 @@ class TimelineProcessor(threading.Thread):
                "attribute": "",
            },
        }
+
+        # update sub labels for existing entries that haven't been added yet
+        if (
+            prev_event_data != None
+            and prev_event_data["sub_label"] != event_data["sub_label"]
+            and event_id in self.pre_event_cache.keys()
+        ):
+            for e in self.pre_event_cache[event_id]:
+                e[Timeline.data]["sub_label"] = event_data["sub_label"]
+
        if event_type == "start":
            timeline_entry[Timeline.class_type] = "visible"
-            Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+            save = True
        elif event_type == "update":
-            # zones have been updated
            if (
-                prev_event_data["current_zones"] != event_data["current_zones"]
-                and len(event_data["current_zones"]) > 0
+                len(prev_event_data["current_zones"]) < len(event_data["current_zones"])
                and not event_data["stationary"]
            ):
                timeline_entry[Timeline.class_type] = "entered_zone"
                timeline_entry[Timeline.data]["zones"] = event_data["current_zones"]
-                Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+                save = True
            elif prev_event_data["stationary"] != event_data["stationary"]:
                timeline_entry[Timeline.class_type] = (
                    "stationary" if event_data["stationary"] else "active"
                )
-                Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+                save = True
            elif prev_event_data["attributes"] == {} and event_data["attributes"] != {}:
                timeline_entry[Timeline.class_type] = "attribute"
                timeline_entry[Timeline.data]["attribute"] = list(
                    event_data["attributes"].keys()
                )[0]
-                Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+                save = True
        elif event_type == "end":
-            if event_data["has_clip"] or event_data["has_snapshot"]:
            timeline_entry[Timeline.class_type] = "gone"
-                Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+            save = True
+
+        if save:
+            self.insert_or_save(timeline_entry, prev_event_data, event_data)
+
+    def handle_api_entry(
+        self,
+        camera: str,
+        event_type: str,
+        event_data: dict[any, any],
+    ) -> bool:
+        if event_type != "new":
+            return False
+
+        if event_data.get("type", "api") == "audio":
+            timeline_entry = {
+                Timeline.class_type: "heard",
+                Timeline.timestamp: event_data["start_time"],
+                Timeline.camera: camera,
+                Timeline.source: "audio",
+                Timeline.source_id: event_data["id"],
+                Timeline.data: {
+                    "label": event_data["label"],
+                    "sub_label": event_data.get("sub_label"),
+                },
+            }
        else:
-                # if event was not saved then the timeline entries should be deleted
-                Timeline.delete().where(
-                    Timeline.source_id == event_data["id"]
-                ).execute()
+            timeline_entry = {
+                Timeline.class_type: "external",
+                Timeline.timestamp: event_data["start_time"],
+                Timeline.camera: camera,
+                Timeline.source: "api",
+                Timeline.source_id: event_data["id"],
+                Timeline.data: {
+                    "label": event_data["label"],
+                    "sub_label": event_data.get("sub_label"),
+                },
+            }
+
+        Timeline.insert(timeline_entry).execute()
+        return True
--- a/frigate/track/norfair_tracker.py
+++ b/frigate/track/norfair_tracker.py
@ -3,7 +3,13 @@ import random
 import string

 import numpy as np
-from norfair import Detection, Drawable, Tracker, draw_boxes
+from norfair import (
+    Detection,
+    Drawable,
+    OptimizedKalmanFilterFactory,
+    Tracker,
+    draw_boxes,
+)
 from norfair.drawing.drawer import Drawer

 from frigate.config import CameraConfig
@ -82,6 +88,13 @@ class NorfairTracker(ObjectTracker):
            distance_threshold=2.5,
            initialization_delay=self.detect_config.min_initialized,
            hit_counter_max=self.detect_config.max_disappeared,
+            # use default filter factory with custom values
+            # R is the multiplier for the sensor measurement noise matrix, default of 4.0
+            # lowering R means that we trust the position of the bounding boxes more
+            # testing shows that the prediction was being relied on a bit too much
+            # TODO: could use different kalman filter values along with
+            #       the different tracker per object class
+            filter_factory=OptimizedKalmanFilterFactory(R=3.4),
        )
        if self.ptz_autotracker_enabled.value:
            self.ptz_motion_estimator = PtzMotionEstimator(
--- a/frigate/util/image.py
+++ b/frigate/util/image.py
@ -387,6 +387,7 @@ def copy_yuv_to_position(
    destination_shape,
    source_frame=None,
    source_channel_dim=None,
+    interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR,
 ):
    # get the coordinates of the channels for this position in the layout
    y, u1, u2, v1, v2 = get_yuv_crop(
@ -435,7 +436,6 @@ def copy_yuv_to_position(
        uv_y_offset = y_y_offset // 4
        uv_x_offset = y_x_offset // 2

-        interpolation = cv2.INTER_LINEAR
        # resize/copy y channel
        destination_frame[
            y[1] + y_y_offset : y[1] + y_y_offset + y_resize_height,
--- a/frigate/util/services.py
+++ b/frigate/util/services.py
@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ from typing import Optional
 import cv2
 import psutil
 import py3nvml.py3nvml as nvml
+import requests

+from frigate.const import FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA, FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI
 from frigate.util.builtin import clean_camera_user_pass, escape_special_characters

 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@ -371,6 +373,38 @@ def vainfo_hwaccel(device_name: Optional[str] = None) -> sp.CompletedProcess:
    return sp.run(ffprobe_cmd, capture_output=True)


+def auto_detect_hwaccel() -> str:
+    """Detect hwaccel args by default."""
+    try:
+        cuda = False
+        vaapi = False
+        resp = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:1984/api/ffmpeg/hardware", timeout=3)
+
+        if resp.status_code == 200:
+            data: dict[str, list[dict[str, str]]] = resp.json()
+            for source in data.get("sources", []):
+                if "cuda" in source.get("url", "") and source.get("name") == "OK":
+                    cuda = True
+
+                if "vaapi" in source.get("url", "") and source.get("name") == "OK":
+                    vaapi = True
+    except requests.RequestException:
+        pass
+
+    if cuda:
+        logger.info("Automatically detected nvidia hwaccel for video decoding")
+        return FFMPEG_HWACCEL_NVIDIA
+
+    if vaapi:
+        logger.info("Automatically detected vaapi hwaccel for video decoding")
+        return FFMPEG_HWACCEL_VAAPI
+
+    logger.warning(
+        "Did not detect hwaccel, using a GPU for accelerated video decoding is highly recommended"
+    )
+    return ""
+
+
 async def get_video_properties(url, get_duration=False) -> dict[str, any]:
    async def calculate_duration(video: Optional[any]) -> float:
        duration = None
--- a/migrations/021_create_previews_table.py
+++ b/migrations/021_create_previews_table.py
@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""Peewee migrations -- 021_create_previews_table.py.
+
+Some examples (model - class or model name)::
+
+    > Model = migrator.orm['model_name']            # Return model in current state by name
+
+    > migrator.sql(sql)                             # Run custom SQL
+    > migrator.python(func, *args, **kwargs)        # Run python code
+    > migrator.create_model(Model)                  # Create a model (could be used as decorator)
+    > migrator.remove_model(model, cascade=True)    # Remove a model
+    > migrator.add_fields(model, **fields)          # Add fields to a model
+    > migrator.change_fields(model, **fields)       # Change fields
+    > migrator.remove_fields(model, *field_names, cascade=True)
+    > migrator.rename_field(model, old_field_name, new_field_name)
+    > migrator.rename_table(model, new_table_name)
+    > migrator.add_index(model, *col_names, unique=False)
+    > migrator.drop_index(model, *col_names)
+    > migrator.add_not_null(model, *field_names)
+    > migrator.drop_not_null(model, *field_names)
+    > migrator.add_default(model, field_name, default)
+
+"""
+import peewee as pw
+
+SQL = pw.SQL
+
+
+def migrate(migrator, database, fake=False, **kwargs):
+    migrator.sql(
+        'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "previews" ("id" VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "camera" VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, "path" VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, "start_time" DATETIME NOT NULL, "end_time" DATETIME NOT NULL, "duration" REAL NOT NULL)'
+    )
+
+
+def rollback(migrator, database, fake=False, **kwargs):
+    pass
--- a/process_clip.py
+++ b/process_clip.py
@ -262,7 +262,6 @@ def process(path, label, output, debug_path):
                        }
                    ]
                },
-                "rtmp": {"enabled": False},
                "record": {"enabled": False},
            }
        },
--- a/web-old/.eslintrc
+++ b/web-old/.eslintrc
--- a/web-old/.gitignore
+++ b/web-old/.gitignore
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Logs
+logs
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+pnpm-debug.log*
+lerna-debug.log*
+
+node_modules
+dist
+dist-ssr
+*.local
+
+# Editor directories and files
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/extensions.json
+.idea
+.DS_Store
+*.suo
+*.ntvs*
+*.njsproj
+*.sln
+*.sw?
+.npm
--- a/web-old/.prettierrc
+++ b/web-old/.prettierrc
--- a/web-old/test/handlers.js
+++ b/web-old/test/handlers.js
--- a/web-old/test/test-setup.ts
+++ b/web-old/test/test-setup.ts
--- a/web-old/test/testing-library.js
+++ b/web-old/test/testing-library.js
--- a/web-old/images/apple-touch-icon.png
+++ b/web-old/images/apple-touch-icon.png
--- a/web-old/images/favicon-16x16.png
+++ b/web-old/images/favicon-16x16.png
--- a/web-old/images/favicon-32x32.png
+++ b/web-old/images/favicon-32x32.png
--- a/web-old/images/favicon.ico
+++ b/web-old/images/favicon.ico
--- a/web-old/images/favicon.png
+++ b/web-old/images/favicon.png
--- a/web-old/images/favicon.svg
+++ b/web-old/images/favicon.svg
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 20010904//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd">
+<svg version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ width="888.000000pt" height="888.000000pt" viewBox="0 0 888.000000 888.000000"
+ preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet">
+<metadata>
+Created by potrace 1.11, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2013
+</metadata>
+<g transform="translate(0.000000,888.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)"
+fill="#000000" stroke="none">
+<path d="M8228 8865 c-2 -2 -25 -6 -53 -9 -38 -5 -278 -56 -425 -91 -33 -7
+-381 -98 -465 -121 -49 -14 -124 -34 -165 -45 -67 -18 -485 -138 -615 -176
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+225 95 237 100 333 143 490 220 229 113 348 191 337 223 -3 10 -70 20 -79 12z"/>
+</g>
+</svg>
--- a/web-old/images/marker.png
+++ b/web-old/images/marker.png
--- a/web-old/images/mstile-150x150.png
+++ b/web-old/images/mstile-150x150.png
--- a/web-old/index.html
+++ b/web-old/index.html
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <link rel="icon" href="/images/favicon.ico" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+    <title>Frigate</title>
+    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/apple-touch-icon.png" />
+    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/images/favicon-32x32.png" />
+    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/images/favicon-16x16.png" />
+    <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/images/favicon.svg" />
+    <link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest" />
+    <link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/favicon.svg" color="#3b82f7" />
+    <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#3b82f7" />
+    <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" />
+    <meta name="theme-color" content="#111827" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="app" class="z-0"></div>
+    <div id="dialogs" class="z-0"></div>
+    <div id="menus" class="z-0"></div>
+    <div id="tooltips" class="z-0"></div>
+    <noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript>
+    <script type="module" src="/src/main.tsx"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
--- a/web-old/package-lock.json
+++ b/web-old/package-lock.json
--- a/web-old/package.json
+++ b/web-old/package.json
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+{
+  "name": "frigate",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "scripts": {
+    "dev": "vite --host",
+    "build": "tsc && vite build --base=/BASE_PATH/",
+    "lint": "eslint --ext .jsx,.js,.tsx,.ts --ignore-path .gitignore .",
+    "prettier:write": "prettier -u -w --ignore-path .gitignore \"*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx,css,html}\"",
+    "test": "vitest",
+    "coverage": "vitest run --coverage"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@cycjimmy/jsmpeg-player": "^6.0.5",
+    "axios": "^1.5.0",
+    "copy-to-clipboard": "3.3.3",
+    "date-fns": "^2.30.0",
+    "idb-keyval": "^6.2.0",
+    "immer": "^10.0.1",
+    "monaco-yaml": "^4.0.4",
+    "preact": "^10.17.1",
+    "preact-async-route": "^2.2.1",
+    "preact-router": "^4.1.0",
+    "react": "npm:@preact/compat@^17.1.2",
+    "react-dom": "npm:@preact/compat@^17.1.2",
+    "react-use-websocket": "^3.0.0",
+    "strftime": "^0.10.1",
+    "swr": "^1.3.0",
+    "video.js": "^8.5.2",
+    "videojs-playlist": "^5.1.0",
+    "vite-plugin-monaco-editor": "^1.1.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@preact/preset-vite": "^2.5.0",
+    "@tailwindcss/forms": "^0.5.6",
+    "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^6.1.2",
+    "@testing-library/preact": "^3.2.3",
+    "@testing-library/user-event": "^14.4.3",
+    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^6.5.0",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^6.5.0",
+    "@vitest/coverage-v8": "^0.34.3",
+    "@vitest/ui": "^0.34.3",
+    "autoprefixer": "^10.4.15",
+    "eslint": "^8.48.0",
+    "eslint-config-preact": "^1.3.0",
+    "eslint-config-prettier": "^9.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-jest": "^27.2.3",
+    "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-vitest-globals": "^1.4.0",
+    "fake-indexeddb": "^4.0.1",
+    "jest-websocket-mock": "^2.5.0",
+    "jsdom": "^22.0.0",
+    "msw": "^1.2.1",
+    "postcss": "^8.4.29",
+    "prettier": "^3.0.3",
+    "tailwindcss": "^3.3.2",
+    "typescript": "^5.2.2",
+    "vite": "^4.4.9",
+    "vitest": "^0.34.3"
+  }
+}
--- a/web-old/postcss.config.cjs
+++ b/web-old/postcss.config.cjs
--- a/web-old/public/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png
+++ b/web-old/public/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png
--- a/web-old/public/icons/android-chrome-512x512.png
+++ b/web-old/public/icons/android-chrome-512x512.png
--- a/web-old/site.webmanifest
+++ b/web-old/site.webmanifest
--- a/web-old/src/AppBar.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/AppBar.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/Sidebar.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/Sidebar.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/mocks/env.js
+++ b/web-old/src/mocks/env.js
--- a/web-old/src/mocks/styleMock.js
+++ b/web-old/src/mocks/styleMock.js
--- a/web-old/src/tests/App.test.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/tests/App.test.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/tests/AppBar.test.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/tests/AppBar.test.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/tests/Sidebar.test.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/tests/Sidebar.test.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/api/tests/index.test.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/api/tests/index.test.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/api/tests/ws.test.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/api/tests/ws.test.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/api/baseUrl.js
+++ b/web-old/src/api/baseUrl.js
--- a/web-old/src/api/index.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/api/index.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/api/ws.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/api/ws.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/app.css
+++ b/web-old/src/app.css
--- a/web-old/src/app.tsx
+++ b/web-old/src/app.tsx
--- a/web-old/src/assets/preact.svg
+++ b/web-old/src/assets/preact.svg
--- a/web-old/src/components/ActivityIndicator.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/ActivityIndicator.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/AppBar.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/AppBar.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/AutoUpdatingCameraImage.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/AutoUpdatingCameraImage.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/BubbleButton.tsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/BubbleButton.tsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Button.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Button.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/ButtonsTabbed.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/ButtonsTabbed.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Calendar.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Calendar.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/CameraControlPanel.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/CameraControlPanel.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/CameraImage.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/CameraImage.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Card.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Card.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/DatePicker.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/DatePicker.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/DebugCamera.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/DebugCamera.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Dialog.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Dialog.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/DialogLarge.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/DialogLarge.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Heading.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Heading.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryHeader.tsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryHeader.tsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryVideo.tsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryVideo.tsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryViewer.tsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/HistoryViewer/HistoryViewer.tsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/JSMpegPlayer.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/JSMpegPlayer.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/Link.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/Link.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/LinkedLogo.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/LinkedLogo.jsx
--- a/web-old/src/components/LiveChip.jsx
+++ b/web-old/src/components/LiveChip.jsx
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More