Increase ruff coverage (#23644)

* Pin ruff

* Add python upgrade fixes

This enables python upgrade checks in ruff to look for deprecated types and patterns. This namely fixes:
- usage of deprecated `Typing` which is now built in
- some specific exceptions which are caught and have new aliases

Some specific UP checks were also ignored as they are stylistic / unimportant and likely to cause bugs

* Remove async blocking calls

Use asyncio.to_thread on two remaining blocking calls to fix hanging event thread loop. Enable this specific rule to block it in the future.

* Use proper logging mechanism

* Correctly format logs

* Raise with context

When raising an exception include the from context to improve debugging

* Cleanup

frigate/data_processing/post/audio_transcription.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import logging
 import os
 import threading
 import time
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from peewee import DoesNotExist
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class AudioTranscriptionPostProcessor(PostProcessorApi):
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Error in audio transcription post-processing: {e}")
 
-    def __transcribe_audio(self, audio_data: bytes) -> Optional[str]:
+    def __transcribe_audio(self, audio_data: bytes) -> str | None:
         """Transcribe WAV audio data using faster-whisper."""
         if not self.recognizer:
             logger.debug("Recognizer not initialized")
@@ -168,8 +168,9 @@ class AudioTranscriptionPostProcessor(PostProcessorApi):
                 return None
 
             logger.debug(
-                "Detected language '%s' with probability %f"
-                % (info.language, info.language_probability)
+                "Detected language '%s' with probability %f",
+                info.language,
+                info.language_probability,
             )
 
             return text